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Multivariate Exploration of Food Security in the Sulampua Region Identification of Clusters and Dominant Dimensions of Food Security Saputra, Wawan; Alfiryal, Naufalia; Prasetya, I Putu Gde Inov Bagus; Fitrianto, Anwar; Alifviansyah, Kevin
Journal of Applied Food Technology Vol 12, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17728/jaft.29754

Abstract

Food security is a strategic issue closely related to economic development, community welfare, and the achievement of sustainable development goals. The Food Security Index (FSI) is an important instrument for measuring food security conditions at the provincial and district/city levels. However, FSI performance in Indonesia still shows regional disparities, particularly in Sulawesi, Maluku, and Papua (Sulampua), which tend to have low scores. This study aims to explore patterns of food security and vulnerability in Sulampua through multivariate analysis and regional clustering using K-Means and K-Medoids (PAM) methods. The analysis begins with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of FSI indicators and identify dominant factors contributing to data variation. The PCA results show that the first three components explain more than 77% of the variance, with dominant factors including poverty, food expenditure, basic infrastructure access, as well as health and nutrition indicators. The clustering analysis produces two main groups: cluster 1, which includes the majority of districts/cities in Sulawesi and Maluku with relatively better food security, and cluster 2, consisting of 16 districts/cities in Papua with significant food insecurity. Cluster validity evaluation indicates that the K-Medoids method performs better than K-Means, being more robust to outliers and producing more consistent cluster separation. This study contributes to the literature by providing multivariate visual exploration and regional classification based on FSI indicators, which can serve as a basis for formulating more targeted food security policies in the Sulampua region.
Deteksi Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Berbasis Machine Learning: Kombinasi SMOTE, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, dan Bayesian Optimization Alfiryal, Naufalia; Sadik, Kusman; Suhaeni, Cici; Soleh, Agus Mohamad
Indonesian Journal of Applied Statistics Vol 8, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijas.v8i2.109931

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) merupakan gangguan endokrin yang umum terjadi pada wanita usia reproduktif. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan gangguan ovulasi, ketidakseimbangan hormon, resistensi insulin, serta meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular, obesitas, dan gangguan psikologis. Meskipun prevalensinya cukup tinggi, sekitar 75% kasus PCOS masih belum terdiagnosis dalam praktik klinis akibat kompleksitas gejala dan keterbatasan metode diagnosis yang digunakan saat ini. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini mengusulkan pendekatan berbasis machine learning guna meningkatkan akurasi dan efisiensi deteksi PCOS. Penelitian ini membandingkan performa dua algoritma pembelajaran terawasi, yaitu random forest dan gradient boosting, dalam melakukan prediksi PCOS. Dataset yang digunakan diperoleh dari repositori publik dan memuat berbagai fitur klinis yang berkaitan dengan PCOS. Untuk menangani permasalahan ketidakseimbangan kelas, metode synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) diterapkan pada data pelatihan. Selain itu, bayesian optimization digunakan untuk melakukan penyetelan hiperparameter pada masing-masing model agar diperoleh performa yang optimal. Evaluasi performa model dilakukan menggunakan beberapa metrik, dengan area under the curve–receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC) sebagai metrik utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model Gradient Boosting memberikan performa terbaik dengan nilai AUC sebesar 0,8983 dan nilai recall sebesar 0,95, yang mengindikasikan sensitivitas tinggi dalam mengidentifikasi kasus PCOS. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi SMOTE dan bayesian optimization efektif dalam meningkatkan akurasi prediksi, khususnya pada dataset medis yang tidak seimbang. Pendekatan yang diusulkan memiliki potensi untuk diintegrasikan ke dalam sistem pendukung keputusan klinis guna mendukung proses skrining PCOS yang lebih dini dan andal.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder among reproductive-aged women. This condition can lead to ovulatory dysfunction, hormonal imbalance, insulin resistance, and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and psychological disorders. Despite its high prevalence, approximately 75% of PCOS cases remain undiagnosed in clinical settings due to the complexity of symptoms and limitations of current diagnostic methods. To address this issue, a machine learning-based approach is proposed to improve the accuracy and efficiency of PCOS detection. This study compares the performance of two supervised learning algorithms random forest and gradient boosting for PCOS prediction. The dataset used was obtained from a public repository and contains various clinical features associated with PCOS. To address the class imbalance problem, the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) was applied to the training data. Additionally, bayesian optimization was employed to fine-tune the hyperparameters of each model for optimal performance. Model performance was evaluated using several metrics, with the area under the curve–receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC) as the primary measure. The Gradient Boosting model achieved the best results, with an AUC of 0.8983 and a recall of 0.95, indicating high sensitivity in identifying positive PCOS cases. These findings demonstrate that the combination of SMOTE and Bayesian Optimization is effective in enhancing predictive accuracy, especially in imbalanced medical datasets. The proposed approach shows promise for integration into clinical decision-support systems to facilitate earlier and more reliable PCOS screening.Kata Kunci: Bayesian optimization; gradient boosting; PCOS; random forest; SMOTE.Keywords : Bayesian optimization; gradient boosting; PCOS; random forest; SMOTE.