Muhammad Dzaki Salman
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Implementation of Retrieval-Augmented Generation  Method on Large Language Model for Development of Campus Service and Information Chatbot Muhammad Dzaki Salman; Rahmaddeni; Torkis Nasution; Susanti
INOVTEK Polbeng - Seri Informatika Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : P3M Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35314/3y9hy151

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to improve the quality of information services in higher education environments through responsive and natural interactions. However, LLMs are prone to generating answers that are not supported by valid knowledge sources due to knowledge cut-off limitations. This study implements Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) on LLMs to build an information service chatbot for the Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia (USTI). RAG is built using a hybrid retrieval mechanism that combines dense retrieval (FAISS) and sparse retrieval (BM25) through Reciprocal Rank Fusion (RRF) and is equipped with cross-encoder reranking. The knowledge base is compiled from official and public documents obtained through the USTI website. The evaluation was conducted using 13 test queries by comparing several configurations to analyze the contribution of each component. The evaluation results show that the hybrid retrieval configuration produces the best retrieval performance with Precision@3 of 71.7%, Recall@3 of 87.5%, and NDCG@3 of 96.3%. In addition, the application of RAG improved the quality of answers compared to LLM without retrieval, as shown by an increase in BERTScore-F1 from 84.8% to 89.4% and a faithfulness score of 88.8%. These findings indicate that RAG integration improves the relevance of LLM answers to source documents, with the hybrid configuration providing an optimal balance between retrieval quality and faithfulness.