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All Journal Paduraksa : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Warmadewa
Manuaba, Ida Ayu Made Dwitya Widani
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Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science

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Mechanical properties of asbestos and basalt stone waste as structural concrete Wisuryha, Ni Putu Indira Saraswati Kumari; Kardita, Putu Cinthya Pratiwi; Ariawan, I Made Agus; Manuaba, Ida Ayu Made Dwitya Widani; Nugraha, I Dewa Gede Byantara; Putrawan, Abbror Ragil
PADURAKSA: Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Warmadewa 305-311
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik dan Perencanaan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/pd.14.2.13982.305-311

Abstract

The Earth's average surface temperature has increased immensely, reaching 1.45 +/- 0.12 Celsius in 2023. This is linked to growing carbon emissions from industrial activities, particularly the construction sector. The production of 1 m3 of conventional concrete can emit up to 277.82 kg CO2. Indonesia remains the second-largest asbestos importer, contributing over 100,000 tons annually to the local construction sector in 2023. Most of the waste is unmanaged and causes health concerns. Simultaneously, Bali’s stone carving industry generates approximately 30% basalt stone waste, much of which remains unprocessed and is discarded into rivers or roadside drains. Nationally, Indonesia holds over 1 billion tons of basalt reserves, yet utilization remains low. Addressing these dual environmental issues, this study proposes a sustainable concrete innovation that utilizes 3% asbestos waste as a substitute for cement and 20% basalt waste as a replacement for coarse aggregate. The proposed concrete mix was tested following SNI 03-2847-2002, ASTM C39, and SNI 03-1974-1990. The results show a compressive strength of 44.26 MPa, higher than the required 41.4 MPa for high-strength concrete based on SNI 03-6468-2000. The modified mixture also has a 16.71 percent lower density than normal concrete and a slump value of 157.67 mm, indicating good workability. Furthermore, the mix reduces carbon emissions by 31.273 kg CO2 per m3 and lowers production cost by 43.9 percent, saving IDR 731,401 compared to conventional concrete with similar strength. These innovations show that asbestos and basalt waste can be transformed into low-carbon structural materials, promoting the circular economy while mitigating environmental risks from unmanaged industrial waste.
Co-Authors I Made Agus Ariawan Kardita, Putu Cinthya Pratiwi Nugraha, I Dewa Gede Byantara Putrawan, Abbror Ragil Wisuryha, Ni Putu Indira Saraswati Kumari