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University Students’ Perceptions of AI-Assisted Language Learning Scaffolding in Reducing L1 Reliance During Authentic English Speaking Sutrah; Aulia Aziza Billah; La Sunra
IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Lite
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v13i2.8919

Abstract

Developing authentic English-speaking skills, defined here as the ability to communicate spontaneously and appropriately in real-world contexts, and reducing dependency on the first language (L1) are significant challenges for Indonesian EFL learners. This study investigates university students' perceptions of using AI tools like ChatGPT and Google Gemini as scaffolding to mitigate L1 reliance and foster such authentic speaking practice. A mixed-methods explanatory sequential design was employed, beginning with a descriptive survey of 50 Indonesian EFL students, followed by in-depth interviews with 6 participants. Quantitative findings revealed that students positively perceived AI-driven scaffolding, its role in reducing L1 dependency, and its contribution to enhancing authentic communicative competence. Qualitative analysis, framed by Sociocultural Theory, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and Skill Acquisition Theory, uncovered three central themes: AI as a dynamic scaffold within the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), its effectiveness in driving learner autonomy, and its role in fostering communicative autonomy. The study concludes that AI-assisted scaffolding is perceived as an integrated technological support system that effectively addresses the cognitive, affective, and practical dimensions of L1 dependency, thereby promoting authentic English-speaking proficiency. These findings suggest practical implications for EFL pedagogy, advocating for the strategic integration of AI tools as complementary scaffolds in resource-constrained educational contexts to bridge the gap towards independent and authentic communication.
Artificial Intelligence as an Assisted-Language Learning Tool: A Systematic Review of Its Efficacy in Enhancing Speaking Skills Among EFL Learners Sutrah; Siti Nurazizah Syair; Khaeril Mujahid; Musdalifah
IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Lite
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v13i2.9004

Abstract

This systematic literature review synthesizes empirical research from 2020 to 2025 to evaluate the efficacy of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as an assisted-language learning tool in enhancing the speaking skills of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Following the PRISMA framework, an analysis of 22 studies reveals that AI tools, categorized into speech recognition tutors, conversational chatbots, and comprehensive platforms, demonstrate significant potential in improving specific micro-skills. The evidence indicates that pronunciation is the most frequently enhanced aspect (cited in 19 out of 22 studies), followed by fluency (17 studies), vocabulary (14 studies), and grammar (13 studies). Key pedagogical drivers underpinning this efficacy are the provision of immediate, personalized feedback, adaptive learning paths, and the creation of low-anxiety practice environments, which also contribute to improved speaking confidence (noted in 12 studies). However, the review identifies persistent and significant challenges. These include technical limitations in processing non-native accents and spontaneous speech, a lack of human-like interaction for developing pragmatic and cultural competencies, and critical issues of equitable access and data privacy. Methodologically, the field is constrained by small-scale studies (samples of n=20 to n=93) and short intervention periods (4 to 14 weeks), which limit generalizability. The central conclusion is that successful outcomes are not dependent on the AI tools alone but hinge on their strategic, pedagogically-aligned integration within a blended learning ecosystem that complements human instruction. Consequently, this study provides practical implications for curriculum design and teacher training, emphasizing the need for pedagogical integration over mere tool adoption. It recommends future research to pursue longitudinal studies, more robust methodological designs, and the development of more linguistically and culturally adaptive AI technologies to bridge the gap between technological potential and equitable, effective educational practice.
The Teacher Professional Education Program (PPG) Graduates’ Interest, Motivation, Self-Efficacy, and Instructional Practices in Implementing Culturally Responsive English Teaching (CRET) within the Merdeka Curriculum Muhammad Agung; Sutrah; Khaeril Mujahid; Muhammad Tahir
IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Lite
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v13i2.9047

Abstract

The global educational paradigm has moved beyond knowledge transmission to focus on holistic competencies, a transition mirrored in Indonesia’s Merdeka Curriculum with its emphasis on contextual relevance, learner differentiation, and the Pancasila Student Profile. Within English language education, this mandates a pedagogical reorientation, for which Culturally Responsive English Teaching (CRET) presents a critical framework, positioning students’ cultural backgrounds as foundational assets for instruction. As the primary agents of this reform, teachers’ capacity to implement CRET is paramount, with the Teacher Professional Education Program (PPG) serving as a key conduit for professional readiness. However, the specific preparedness of PPG graduates, a cohort strategically trained for curricular innovation, remains empirically unverified. This quantitative correlational study investigates the relationships between PPG graduates’ psychological dispositions (interest, motivation, self-efficacy), their general instructional practices, and the quality of CRET implementation within the Merdeka Curriculum. Data from purposively sampled Indonesian EFL teachers (n=121) were analyzed to determine correlational strength and predictive power. Results revealed that while descriptive levels of interest, motivation, self-efficacy, and CRET-aligned practices were high, only self-efficacy and instructional practices demonstrated significant positive correlations with implementation quality. Notably, multiple regression analysis identified self-efficacy as the strongest positive predictor, whereas interest emerged as a significant negative predictor when other variables were controlled. This counterintuitive finding suggests that isolated theoretical interest, without corresponding practical competence or contextual support, may not translate into effective classroom enactment, suggesting potential contextual or translational barriers between disposition and enactment. The findings underscore the complexity of translating pedagogical commitment into practice, highlighting that systemic professional development must extend beyond fostering theoretical interest to strategically building applied, context-specific competence and efficacy. Consequently, PPG programs should prioritize experiential learning, such as mentored practicums focused on CRT, to bridge the gap between pedagogical interest and actionable skill.