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All Journal Jurnal Hubungan Internasional MONDIAL Sociale : Journal of Social and Political Sciences
Laksana, Canta Bayu
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Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Intervensi China dalam Mediasi Perdamaian Arab Saudi dengan Iran Laksana, Canta Bayu; Hanggarini, Peni
Mondial: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 2, No 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Al-azhar Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36722/mondial.v2i2.4390

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze China’s intervention in mediating peace between Saudi Arabia and Iran. The discussion focuses on China's soft power strategy as a mediator between these two Middle Eastern countries, which have long experienced tense relations. This issue is considered significant, as the success of the mediation not only affects regional stability but also reflects shifting global power dynamics and highlights China's growing role in international geopolitics. The research adopts a qualitative method, employing Joseph Nye’s soft power theory as an analytical framework to understand how China builds its influence through non-coercive means, particularly economic cooperation and diplomacy. Data were collected through literature review and analyzed using descriptive qualitative techniques. The findings indicate that China’s success as a mediator is largely attributed to its economic diplomacy and neutral stance, which fostered trust from both parties. These results underscore the importance of soft power in expanding global influence and present a viable alternative to conflict resolution that does not rely on military force. This study contributes to the field of international relations and Middle Eastern geopolitics by emphasizing the necessity of strengthening non-coercive diplomacy as a means to maintain regional stability and build long-term peace.
Diplomasi Perdamaian China di Timur Tengah: Kepentingan Strategis dan Stabilitas Kawasan Laksana, Canta Bayu; Hanggarini, Peni
Sociale : Journal of Social and Political Sciences Vol 2 No 1 (2026): Social Science for Improve
Publisher : Yayasan Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Sisi Indonesia

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Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis transformasi diplomasi perdamaian China di kawasan Timur Tengah dalam perspektif Soft Power dan Neorealisme. Studi ini berfokus pada dua kasus utama, yakni mediasi rekonsiliasi Arab Saudi–Iran tahun 2023 dan fasilitasi Deklarasi Beijing antara Fatah–Hamas tahun 2024. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi literatur serta analisis data sekunder dari publikasi akademik dan statistik perdagangan The Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC) periode 2010–2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan signifikan volume perdagangan China dengan Timur Tengah—mencapai sekitar US$460 miliar pada 2023—telah memperkuat daya tawar politik Beijing di kawasan. Dalam konflik antarnegara (inter-state) seperti Arab Saudi–Iran, diplomasi China terbukti efektif karena didukung leverage ekonomi dan ketergantungan energi yang tinggi. Sebaliknya, dalam konflik intra-negara yang melibatkan aktor non-negara seperti Fatah–Hamas, efektivitas diplomasi cenderung bersifat normatif dan simbolik akibat keterbatasan instrumen penekan yang mengikat. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa aktivisme diplomatik China bukan semata-mata didorong oleh idealisme perdamaian, melainkan oleh kalkulasi rasional untuk mengamankan kepentingan strategis, khususnya keamanan energi dan keberlanjutan Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Secara teoretis, penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa China menerapkan strategi soft balancing untuk menyeimbangkan hegemoni Amerika Serikat tanpa konfrontasi militer langsung. Dengan demikian, diplomasi perdamaian China menjadi instrumen penting dalam membentuk stabilitas kawasan sekaligus memperkuat posisinya sebagai kekuatan besar alternatif dalam tatanan dunia multipolar.
Co-Authors Peni Hanggarini