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All Journal Piston: Journal of Technical Engineering Jurnal Promotif Preventif
Aravy, Mochammad Avrieza Havies
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Aerospace Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Engineering Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Public Health

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Pengembangan Ergonomi Kursi Belajar Berbasis Desain dan Simulasi Elemen Hingga Aravy, Mochammad Avrieza Havies; Sukoco, Leonardo Paksi; Al Bana, Nurrahim Hasan; Rosyid, Muhamad Burhanudin; Wibowo, Helmi
Jurnal Promotif Preventif Vol 8 No 6 (2025): Desember 2025: JURNAL PROMOTIF PREVENTIF
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Pancasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47650/jpp.v8i6.2387

Abstract

Kursi belajar yang tidak sesuai prinsip ergonomi dapat menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan dan meningkatkan risiko musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pengguna. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan desain kursi belajar ergonomis yang aman dan stabil secara struktural melalui pemodelan CAD dan simulasi Finite Element Method (FEM). Bahan penelitian meliputi data sekunder antropometri mahasiswa Indonesia usia 18-25 tahun dari Database Antropometri Nasional (n=1.500) sebagai dasar penentuan dimensi kursi, data sifat mekanik material aluminum alloy 6061-T6, serta standar ergonomi SNI 9011:2021 dan ISO 9241-5. Pemodelan geometri dilakukan menggunakan SolidWorks 2022, sedangkan analisis pembebanan statis sebesar 600 N menggunakan SolidWorks Simulation Static. Parameter evaluasi meliputi tegangan von Mises, regangan ekuivalen, deformasi total, dan faktor keamanan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan tegangan maksimum 126,8 MPa (46% tegangan luluh) yang masih berada di bawah tegangan luluh material, regangan yang tetap berada pada rentang elastis, serta deformasi 7,77 mm yang masih dapat diterima untuk struktur kursi ringan. Nilai faktor keamanan minimum 2,17 mengindikasikan bahwa desain kursi berada dalam batas aman untuk penggunaan sehari-hari. Dari perspektif kesehatan, desain ini berpotensi mengurangi risiko MSDs melalui kesesuaian antropometri yang mempertahankan kurva lumbar alami dan fleksibilitas terkontrol yang mendukung sirkulasi darah selama aktivitas belajar berkepanjangan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa desain kursi hasil redesign memenuhi kelayakan struktural dan berpotensi memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam upaya pencegahan keluhan muskuloskeletal di lingkungan pendidikan tinggi.
Development of Regulatory Recommendations for City Bus Bumper Bars through Design and Analysis Based on Standard 67 Pa. Code § 171.44 Sukoco, Leonardo Paksi; Aravy, Mochammad Avrieza Havies; Banna, Nurrahim Hasan Al; Winesti, Feby Ayu
Piston: Journal of Technical Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Mesin Universitas Pamulang

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Abstract

Indonesia currently does not have specific technical regulations governing the design of urban bus bumper bars, unlike passenger vehicles, which are regulated by national and international standards. Data from the Indonesian National Police Traffic Corps in 2022 recorded 3,847 bus-related accidents resulting in 587 fatalities, with 42 percent occurring in urban areas at speeds ranging from 30 to 50 km/h. This study aims to develop regulatory recommendations for urban bus bumper bars by adapting the standard 67 Pa. Code §171.44 to Indonesian operational conditions. The research methodology includes field observations of 10 Trans Jogja buses, bumper bar design using a combination of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and elastomer materials, and structural performance analysis through impact simulations based on the Explicit Dynamics finite element method using ANSYS software. The simulation results show that the proposed bumper bar design satisfies safety requirements, with maximum stress values of 260 MPa at 30 km/h and 293 MPa at 50 km/h. Although the stress at 50 km/h exceeds the material yield strength of 280 MPa, the response indicates localized plastic deformation without global structural failure. Controlled deformation of 163.04 mm at 30 km/h and 275.78 mm at 50 km/h, following a localized progressive deformation pattern without excessive intrusion, along with an energy absorption capacity of at least 5 kJ, demonstrates effective passenger protection. The resulting regulatory recommendations include dimensional specifications (height 400–600 mm, width ≥2000 mm), material requirements (yield strength ≥250 MPa), and performance criteria to support the revision of Minister of Transportation Regulation No. 33 of 2018.
Co-Authors Al Bana, Nurrahim Hasan Banna, Nurrahim Hasan Al Helmi Wibowo, Helmi Rosyid, Muhamad Burhanudin Sukoco, Leonardo Paksi Winesti, Feby Ayu