Nafees, Seeni Mohamed Mohamed
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Regulating Halal Integrity in Sri Lanka: A Comparative Legal and Shariah Analysis of the Food Act and Consumer Protection Framework Saujan, Iqbal; Nafees, Seeni Mohamed Mohamed; Fowzul, Mohamed Buhary
Jurnal Mediasas: Media Ilmu Syari'ah dan Ahwal Al-Syakhsiyyah Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Mediasas: Media Ilmu Syariah dan Ahwal Al-Syakhsiyyah
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Department, STAI Syekh Abdur Rauf Aceh Singkil, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58824/mediasas.v9i1.337

Abstract

The global hal?l market is a huge economic power, demanding products that are very compliant with Islamic rules. In Sri Lanka, a country where Muslims make up a large minority and where there has been social tension due to this, the merging of the national food laws with the shari’ah requirments concerning hal?l integrity creates issues in regulation. Therefore, this paper looks into the existing statutory framework of Sri Lanka, mainly focusing on Food Act No. 26 of 1980 and Consumer Affairs Authority Act No. 9 of 2003, along with detailed shari’ah requirements related to hal?l food including slaughter (zabiha), ingredients, processing and prevention of contamination. The study, by way of comparative legal analysis and considering academic literature and international regulatory models (Malaysia, Indonesia, UAE, EU), places where the Sri Lankan law defining, regulating, and certifying. and enforcing hal?l standards falls short. The particulars revealed that there were no specific legal definitions and standards for hal?l. Oversight of the certification processes is inadequate. There are no adequate mechanisms preventing hal?l cross-contamination between hal?l/non-hal?li and labelling regulations do not include provisions for a legally recognized hal?l mark. These shortcomings create consumer ambiguity business challenges and conflict potential. It proposes legislative changes to the Food Act and its related regulations, along with the setting up of an administrative framework which is likely to be national accreditation supervision of private certifiers, state-regulated. The proposals emanate from Islamic jurisprudence (Maqasid al-Shari'ah and Fiqh principles) and they are directed toward ensuring legal certainty, improved consumer protection, enhanced trade facilitation, and social harmony in a multi-religious context such as that of Sri Lanka. [Pasar halal global merupakan kekuatan ekonomi yang besar, menuntut produk-produk yang sangat patuh terhadap aturan Islam. Di Sri Lanka, sebuah negara di mana Muslim merupakan kelompok minoritas besar dan di mana telah terjadi ketegangan sosial akibat hal ini, penggabungan antara undang-undang pangan nasional dengan persyaratan syariah terkait integritas halal menciptakan masalah dalam regulasi. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini menelaah kerangka hukum yang ada di Sri Lanka, dengan fokus utama pada Food Act No. 26 Tahun 1980 dan Consumer Affairs Authority Act No. 9 Tahun 2003, beserta syarat-syarat syariah terkait makanan halal secara rinci, termasuk penyembelihan (zabiha), bahan-bahan, pemrosesan, dan pencegahan kontaminasi. Studi ini, melalui analisis hukum komparatif dan dengan mempertimbangkan literatur akademik serta model regulasi internasional (Malaysia, Indonesia, UEA, UE), menunjukkan di mana hukum Sri Lanka mengenai pendefinisian, pengaturan, sertifikasi, dan penegakan standar halal masih kurang. Rincian yang terungkap menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada definisi hukum dan standar khusus untuk halal. Pengawasan terhadap proses sertifikasi juga tidak memadai. Tidak terdapat mekanisme yang memadai untuk mencegah kontaminasi silang halal/non-halal, dan regulasi pelabelan tidak mencakup ketentuan mengenai tanda halal yang diakui secara hukum. Kekurangan ini menciptakan ambiguitas bagi konsumen, tantangan bagi pelaku usaha, dan potensi konflik. Makalah ini mengusulkan perubahan legislatif pada Food Act dan regulasi terkait, beserta pembentukan kerangka kerja administratif yang kemungkinan besar berupa supervisi akreditasi nasional terhadap lembaga sertifikasi swasta, diatur oleh negara. Usulan-usulan tersebut bersumber dari yurisprudensi Islam (Maqasid al-Shari'ah dan prinsip Fikih) dan ditujukan untuk menjamin kepastian hukum, perlindungan konsumen yang lebih baik, fasilitasi perdagangan yang lebih baik, serta harmoni sosial dalam konteks multi-agama seperti di Sri Lanka.]
An Empirical Analysis of Experts' Perceptions on Reforming Sri Lanka's Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act of 1951: Perspectives on Sharia and Modernity Long, Ahmad Sunawari; Saujan, Iqbal; Nafees, Seeni Mohamed Mohamed; Razick, Ahamed Sarjoon; Jubba, Hasse
Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sharia Faculty of State Islamic University of Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri, Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24090/mnh.v20i1.15430

Abstract

The Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act No. 13 of 1951 (MMDA) provides a distinct legal framework governing marriage, divorce, polygamy, guardianship, Quazi court procedures, and maintenance among Sri Lankan Muslims. Debates over its reform have generated significant internal polarization. Reformist groups advocate amendments that respond to contemporary social realities, particularly women's rights and procedural justice. In contrast, conservative groups argue that any reform must remain consistent with Islamic Sharia, religious norms, and established customary practices (ʿurf). This study examines expert perceptions of the most contested issues in the proposed MMDA reforms. Using a quantitative descriptive design, 300 self-administered questionnaires were distributed to legal and religious scholars, Quazi judges, Arabic college principals, academics, postgraduate students, and prominent Muslim community leaders. A total of 250 valid responses were analyzed using SPSS version 24. The findings indicate strong support for several reforms, including the introduction of clear eligibility criteria for Quazis, supported by 94.3% of respondents; strengthening women's maintenance rights by considering husbands' income, 84%; requiring women's consent in marriage contracts, 75%; and establishing separate Quazi court operations, 88%. Respondents also showed moderate support for setting a minimum marriage age, 53%, and regulating the conditions of polygamy. However, resistance remained toward women's autonomous partner selection, the appointment of female Quazis, the removal of the term "sect," and the expansion of the law to include all madhhabs. The study concludes that MMDA reform in Sri Lanka requires a balanced legal approach that reconciles Islamic legal authority, community identity, gender justice, and contemporary standards of procedural fairness.