<![CDATA[The problem of environmental pollution and destruction in Indonesia remains a serious issue with a broad impact on the sustainability of ecosystems and human life. This condition demands effective law enforcement against environmental crimes. This study aims to analyze the concept of environmental crimes, the types of environmental crimes, the role of law enforcement officers, and the application of legal sanctions based on Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with a descriptive qualitative research type. Data were obtained through a literature study by reviewing relevant laws and regulations, legal literature, and scientific journals. The research stages include problem identification, collection and classification of legal materials, juridical analysis, and drawing conclusions. The results show that environmental crimes are classified as crimes that include material and formal offenses, with various forms of acts such as environmental pollution, environmental destruction, management of B3 waste without a permit, violation of environmental permits, crimes against biodiversity, and illegal mining. Law enforcement involves the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, the Police, and the Prosecutor's Office, and is supported by the application of criminal, administrative, and civil sanctions. However, in practice, law enforcement still faces obstacles, particularly in terms of proof and the effectiveness of sanctions, which have not yet fully provided a deterrent effect. This research is expected to provide academic contributions to the development of environmental law studies and serve as a consideration for strengthening environmental law enforcement in Indonesia.]]>
