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All Journal ISNU Nine-Star Multidisciplinary Journal (INS9MJ) Jurnal Sahabat ISNU SU
Dinda Suciana Rambe
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Legal Protection for Business Actors in Trade Agreements in the Digital Era Dinda Suciana Rambe; Madina Tuz Zahra Tanjung; Zahwa Khalisa; Rahmat Suryadi Siregar; M. Wahyu Fadillah
Jurnal Sahabat ISNU SU Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): ISNU Sahabat Januari
Publisher : ISNU Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70826/jsisnu.v3i1.1251

Abstract

The development of digital technology has brought significant changes in the practice of commercial law, particularly in the implementation of trade agreements, which are now often conducted electronically. Digital trade agreements provide convenience and efficiency for business actors, but on the other hand, they also give rise to various legal issues, such as the weak bargaining position of certain business actors, unclear clauses in electronic agreements, and increased potential for disputes due to default and data misuse. This study aims to analyze the forms of legal protection for business actors in trade agreements in the digital era and assess the effectiveness of applicable laws and regulations in providing legal certainty. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory regulatory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. The results show that regulations related to trade law and electronic transactions have essentially provided a basis for legal protection for business actors, but there are still obstacles in their implementation, supervision, and enforcement. Therefore, regulatory harmonization, strengthening legal protection mechanisms, and increasing legal literacy for business actors are needed to create a fair, safe, and sustainable digital trade climate.
Serious Human Rights Violations (The Role of the National Commission on Human Rights, the Human Rights Prosecutor's Office, and the Human Rights Court) Dinda Suciana Rambe; Yolanda Ayu Gita; Tasya Devina Putri Harahap; Putri Nabila Aryhati Solin
Jurnal Sahabat ISNU SU Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): ISNU Sahabat Januari
Publisher : ISNU Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70826/jsisnu.v3i1.1261

Abstract

Gross violations of human rights are serious crimes that require a specific and integrated legal mechanism. In Indonesia, their handling involves several key institutions, namely the National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM), the Attorney General's Office through its division of prosecution of gross human rights violations, and the Human Rights Court. This study aims to analyze the role and authority of each institution in the process of enforcing the law against gross human rights violations, while also assessing the effectiveness of coordination between these institutions. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory and conceptual approach, through a review of Law Number 26 of 2000 concerning the Human Rights Court and related regulations. The results of the study indicate that although the authority of each institution has been clearly regulated, in practice, various obstacles remain, such as differences in interpretation of authority, weak coordination, and political and administrative obstacles. Therefore, strengthening the legal framework and inter-institutional coordination mechanisms is necessary to achieve effective human rights law enforcement and justice.
The Prosecutor's Pre-Prosecution And Prosecution In Accordance With The Criminal Procedure Code Dinda Suciana Rambe; Chintya Jiliani; Gilang Septian Firjatullah
ISNU Nine-Star Multidisciplinary Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): ISNU Nine Star Januari
Publisher : ISNU Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70826/ins9mj.v3i1.1331

Abstract

This article examines the legal construction and practical implementation of the prosecutor’s authority in pre-prosecution and prosecution under the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). The study departs from the normative ideal of an integrated criminal justice system that positions the prosecutor as dominus litis, responsible for controlling the flow of criminal cases from investigation to adjudication. Using a normative juridical method with a statute-based and conceptual approach, this research critically analyses the regulatory framework governing pre-prosecution and prosecution, as well as its application in practice. The findings indicate that although KUHAP formally grants prosecutors a strategic role in ensuring the completeness of case files and the legality of prosecutions, the existing regulatory design, particularly under the old KUHAP, tends to produce procedural formalism, weak coordination between investigators and prosecutors, and limited mechanisms of accountability. The article further argues that recent reforms introduced in the new KUHAP reflect a paradigm shift towards strengthening judicial control and due process safeguards, especially through the reconfiguration of pretrial mechanisms. However, these normative improvements still face structural and institutional challenges that may hinder their effectiveness. This study contributes to the development of criminal procedural law by highlighting the normative–practical gap in prosecutorial functions and offering a critical foundation for evaluating prosecutorial reform in Indonesia’s evolving criminal justice system.
Co-Authors Chintya Jiliani Gilang Septian Firjatullah M. Wahyu Fadillah Madina Tuz Zahra Tanjung Putri Nabila Aryhati Solin Rahmat Suryadi Siregar Tasya Devina Putri Harahap Yolanda Ayu Gita Zahwa Khalisa