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All Journal Pendas : Jurnah Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar
Kirana, Yulisia Rezky
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MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SILAJARA BERBASIS CTL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATERI MAKANAN DAN SISTEM PENCERNAAN MANUSIA Kirana, Yulisia Rezky; Palennari, Muhiddin
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 10 No. 04 (2025): Volume 10 No. 04 Desember 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v10i04.36744

Abstract

Conceptual understanding of food and the human digestive system remains a challenge in biology education because learning activities often rely on memorization and fail to meaningfully connect scientific concepts with real-life contexts. This literature study aims to examine and formulate the SILAJARA learning model (Observe, Identify, Perform, Analyze, Explain, Reflect, Apply) as an innovation based on Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL), emphasizing contextual, reflective, and applicative learning experiences. The model was developed through an analysis of constructivist theory, CTL principles, and recent research findings related to contextual biology learning. The results of the review show that SILAJARA consists of seven structured learning stages that guide students from contextual observation to the application of values in daily life. The model is supported by essential components, including the social system, reaction principles, support system, and instructional as well as nurturant effects. Conceptually, SILAJARA has the potential to improve conceptual understanding, learning engagement, analytical skills, and reflective awareness of digestive health. Therefore, SILAJARA can serve as an adaptive and meaningful alternative learning model relevant to the needs of 21st-century biology education.
Peran Mutasi Gen BRCA1 dan BRCA2 dalam Deteksi Dini dan Prediksi Risiko Kanker Payudara: Tinjauan Genetika Molekuler Kirana, Yulisia Rezky; Riakurnaini; Rachmawaty
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 11 No. 02 (2026): Volume 11 No. 2, Juni 2026 Publish
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v11i02.46238

Abstract

Germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are key determinants of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) and substantially increase breast cancer risk. At the molecular level, BRCA1/2 dysfunction impairs homologous recombination repair (HRR) of double-strand breaks (DSBs), promoting genomic instability and carcinogenesis. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on how BRCA1/2 variants inform early detection and clinical risk prediction/stratification in breast cancer. A PRISMA 2020-guided Systematic Literature Review was conducted using Scopus (2022–2026; MEDI/BIOC; English; Open Access; article type). Of 232 records identified, 21 articles met inclusion criteria and were synthesized narratively across five themes: molecular mechanisms, risk/penetrance, early detection, risk prediction/stratification, and clinical implications/targeted therapy. The evidence indicates that HRR deficiency shifts DNA repair toward more error-prone pathways, while carrier risk remains heterogeneous due to additional genetic modifiers and polygenic risk scores (PRS), resulting in meaningful variation in absolute risk. Early detection in BRCA carriers emphasizes genetic testing for carrier identification and intensified surveillance, with breast MRI as a key modality in high-risk settings. Contemporary risk models increasingly integrate BRCA status, PRS, and clinical factors, although population-specific calibration remains critical to avoid biased risk estimates. Clinically, DNA repair deficiency supports the use of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) via synthetic lethality, with resistance dynamics warranting consideration. Overall, BRCA-informed strategies provide an essential foundation for genetics-based prevention, screening, risk prediction, and targeted therapy in breast cancer.
Co-Authors Muhiddin Palennari Rachmawaty Riakurnaini