Fina Mazida Husna
Postgraduate Student at Walisongo State Islamic University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia

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Gender construction in the classical fiqh book Masāil al-Nisā’: Analysis from Judith Butler's perspective Fina Mazida Husna; Indar Wahyuni; Mowafg Masuwd
An-Nisa' Journal of Gender Studies  Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): An-Nisa' Journal of Gender Studies
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Service, Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember, East Java, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/annisa.v18i2.315

Abstract

A major issue in classical fiqh is gender representation, where women are often positioned subordinate to men. Masāilun al-Nisā’ constructs female identities and domestic roles through the repetition of socio-religious norms. This study examines these performative mechanisms using Judith Butler’s framework to reveal both explicit and implicit gender biases. Employing a descriptive qualitative-interpretative approach, thematic analysis, and Butler’s gender performativity theory, the research analyzes primary texts and supporting literature to uncover constructions of women’s roles, identities, and subordination in domestic contexts. Findings indicate that Masāilun al-Nisā’ constructs female gender identities normatively and performatively within the Javanese context. While affirming moral-spiritual equality, the text prioritizes domestic roles. Butler’s perspective emphasizes that gender hierarchies are socially and religiously constructed, producing female identities recognized through piety, obedience, and domesticity, while reproducing patriarchal structures. These findings expand understanding of gender performativity in local fiqh texts, highlighting the interaction between religion and social construction. Practically, the study informs gender-sensitive religious curricula, revision of classical interpretations, and women’s empowerment in education, economic participation, and public engagement.