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The Influence of Sociodemographic Factors on Stress Levels Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A Health Belief Model-Based Study Suhendra Agung Wibowo; Dimas Hadi Prayoga; Ronal Surya Aditya; Apriana Rahmawati; Ifa Nofalia
Health and Technology Journal (HTechJ) Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : KHD Production

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53713/htechj.v3i6.513

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) imposes not only physical but also substantial psychological burdens, particularly stress, which may compromise treatment adherence and outcomes. While the Health Belief Model (HBM) has been widely applied to predict TB treatment behaviors, its utility in explaining how sociodemographic factors shape stress levels remains underexplored. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and stress among 150 pulmonary TB patients in Jombang Regency, Indonesia, using the HBM as a theoretical lens. Stress was assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale–42 (DASS-42), with 62.7% of participants reporting moderate to severe stress. Chi-square and binary logistic regression analyses revealed that education (p = 0.012; OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.10–3.25), marital status (p = 0.021; OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.05–2.80), and occupation (p = 0.008; OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.30–4.60) were significantly associated with stress levels, whereas age and gender were not (p > 0.05). Occupation emerged as the strongest predictor, with unemployed or informally employed patients more than twice as likely to experience high stress. These findings underscore the role of perceived barriers and self-efficacy—core HBM constructs shaped by sociodemographic context—in influencing psychological distress. Integrating tailored psychosocial support into TB care is essential to mitigate stress and enhance treatment success.
Effects of deliberate practice and self-efficacy on clinical skills performance in a fundamental nursing course Erik Kusuma; Syaifuddin Kurnianto; Eko Prasetya Widianto; Mareta Deka Paraswati; Suhendra Agung Wibowo
Nursing and Health Sciences Journal (NHSJ) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : KHD-Production

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53713/nhsj.v6i2.700

Abstract

Clinical skill deficits among vocational nursing students compromise patient safety, particularly when conventional training lacks structured feedback mechanisms. This study investigated the effects of a deliberate practice intervention and self-efficacy on clinical skills performance. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control-group design was conducted with 60 second-semester diploma nursing students, who were allocated via matched sampling to the experimental (n=30) or control (n=30) groups. The experimental cohort completed an eight-session deliberate practice program (90 minutes per week for four weeks), while the control group received standard instruction. Blinded assessors evaluated psychomotor skills using a validated Objective Structured Clinical Examination checklist, and self-efficacy was measured with the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Intervention fidelity was rigorously maintained through protocol checklists. The experimental group demonstrated significantly superior post-intervention clinical skills scores compared to controls (mean difference = 12.47, 95% CI [8.40, 15.60], p < .001). Self-efficacy independently predicted skill performance (β = 0.29, p = .008). Combined, the intervention and self-efficacy explained 58.3% of the variance in clinical performance (adjusted R² = 0.55, p < .001). Structured deliberate practice substantially enhances clinical competency in vocational nursing students, with self-efficacy functioning as a critical complementary predictor. Nursing educators should systematically integrate deliberate practice frameworks with targeted confidence-building strategies to optimize psychomotor skill acquisition and strengthen patient safety outcomes.
The Influence of Sociodemographic Factors on Stress Levels Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A Health Belief Model-Based Study Suhendra Agung Wibowo; Dimas Hadi Prayoga; Ronal Surya Aditya; Apriana Rahmawati; Ifa Nofalia
Health and Technology Journal (HTechJ) Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : KHD Production

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53713/htechj.v3i6.513

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) imposes not only physical but also substantial psychological burdens, particularly stress, which may compromise treatment adherence and outcomes. While the Health Belief Model (HBM) has been widely applied to predict TB treatment behaviors, its utility in explaining how sociodemographic factors shape stress levels remains underexplored. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and stress among 150 pulmonary TB patients in Jombang Regency, Indonesia, using the HBM as a theoretical lens. Stress was assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale–42 (DASS-42), with 62.7% of participants reporting moderate to severe stress. Chi-square and binary logistic regression analyses revealed that education (p = 0.012; OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.10–3.25), marital status (p = 0.021; OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.05–2.80), and occupation (p = 0.008; OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.30–4.60) were significantly associated with stress levels, whereas age and gender were not (p > 0.05). Occupation emerged as the strongest predictor, with unemployed or informally employed patients more than twice as likely to experience high stress. These findings underscore the role of perceived barriers and self-efficacy—core HBM constructs shaped by sociodemographic context—in influencing psychological distress. Integrating tailored psychosocial support into TB care is essential to mitigate stress and enhance treatment success.