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All Journal Mimbar Agribisnis: Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis Jurnal Agribisnis
Oskarlina, Nia
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Analisis Struktur Pasar dan Daya Saing Ekspor Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Indonesia di Pasar Dunia Oskarlina, Nia; Karya, Detri; Amin, Azharuddin M
Mimbar Agribisnis : Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis Vol 12, No 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Universitas Galuh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25157/ma.v12i1.21936

Abstract

Crude palm oil (CPO) is a strategic commodity with significant export potential for Indonesia. This study aims to analyze (1) the structure of the Indonesian CPO market in the global market, (2) comparative advantages, and (3) competitive advantages over Malaysia in relation to major export destination countries. The research used a literature study method with secondary data during the period 2014–2023 on five major export destination countries, namely India, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain, and China. Data analysis includes market share and concentration ratio methods (market structure), RCA, RSCA and TSI (comparative advantage), as well as ECI, CMSA, and EPD (competitive advantage). The results of the study show that the CPO market structure is a tight oligopoly with a CR5 value of 82.50% in Indonesia and 85.46% in Malaysia, and an HHI of 4,421.88 and 3,802.53, respectively. Indonesia and Malaysia have high comparative advantages (RCA>1; RSCA>0), and Indonesia consistently ranks as a net exporter (TSI=0.9996). Indonesia's competitive advantage remains limited because not all destination countries have an ECI value > 1, with CMSA performance that is relatively lower than Malaysia's. Based on the EPD, Indonesia's export position is in the lost opportunity category (India, China) and retreat category (Netherlands, Italy, Spain), while Malaysia is in the retreat (India and the Netherlands) and lost opportunity quadrant (Italy, Spain, and China).
Analisis Struktur Pasar Ekspor Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Indonesia di Pasar Dunia: Pendahuluan, Metode Penelitian, Hasil dan Pembahasan, Penutup Oskarlina, Nia; Azharuddin M Amin; Detri Karya
JURNAL AGRIBISNIS Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Agribisnis Volume 15 Nomor 1
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32520/qgvhbh67

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur pasar CPO Indonesia dengan Malaysia sebagai pesaing utama di pasar dunia. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder untuk produk CPO kode HS 151110, dengan periode analisis 2014–2023 pada lima negara tujuan ekspor utama, yaitu India, Belanda, Italia, Spanyol, dan China. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode pangsa pasar (Sij) serta konsentrasi pasar (CRn dan HHI) untuk menentukan karakteristik struktur pasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa India merupakan pasar dominan bagi ekspor CPO Indonesia dan Malaysia sepanjang periode penelitian. Indonesia memiliki rata-rata pangsa pasar sebesar 64,03% dengan laju pertumbuhan 6,90% per tahun, sedangkan Malaysia memiliki rata-rata pangsa pasar 57,30% dengan pertumbuhan 3,57% per tahun. Di kawasan Eropa (Belanda, Italia, dan Spanyol) pangsa pasar ekspor CPO kedua negara menunjukkan tren fluktuatif namun cenderung menurun. Sementara itu, di pasar China, pangsa pasar ekspor CPO Indonesia dan Malaysia relatif kecil, yaitu kurang dari 0,1% terhadap total ekspor. Nilai rata-rata konsentrasi pasar menunjukkan bahwa struktur pasar CPO Indonesia dan Malaysia sangat terkonsentrasi dengan karakteristik oligopoli ketat, ditunjukkan oleh nilai CR5 Indonesia sebesar 82,50% dan Malaysia 85,46%, serta nilai HHI masing-masing sebesar 4.421,88 dan 3.802,53.
Co-Authors Amin, Azharuddin M Azharuddin M Amin Detri Karya Karya, Detri