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All Journal Buletin Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Prima Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development
Sitompul, Christian Michael Oloan
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Hubungan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Antiretroviral dengan Kadar Viral Load pada Pasien HIV/AIDS dengan Koinfeksi Sifilis di RS H. Adam Malik Medan Sukma, Triza Via; Br Tarigan, Elviyanti; Simbolon, Boyke Marthin; Br Ginting, Masita Unjuk; Sitompul, Christian Michael Oloan
Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Ranah Research : Journal Of Multidisciplinary Research and Development
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/rrj.v8i2.1999

Abstract

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that targets and attacks the human immune system. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an immunosuppressive condition (syndrome) closely associated with various opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms, and certain neurological manifestations resulting from HIV infection. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is a key factor in achieving optimal viral load suppression. Viral load testing is one indicator of the success of ARV treatment. The higher the viral load in the blood, the faster HIV disease progresses. Objective: To determine the relationship between adherence to antiretroviral medication and viral load levels in HIV/AIDS patients with syphilis co-infection at H. Adam Malik General Hospital. Methods: This study used an analytical observational research design with purposive sampling techniques, namely measuring antiretroviral medication adherence and viral load levels in HIV/AIDS patients with syphilis co-infection. Results: Of the 100 study subjects, the majority were male (82%) with the largest age group being 25-35 years (48%). The results of the analysis showed a highly significant relationship between the MMAS-8 compliance level and viral load status (χ² = 31.248; df = 2; p = 0.001). There was a clear pattern showing that the higher the level of adherence, the greater the proportion of patients who achieved viral suppression. Only 39% of patients achieved high adherence (score of 8), and there was a dramatic difference in viral suppression between low adherence (14.8%), moderate adherence (55.9%), and high adherence (76.9%).
The relationship between coffee consumption habits and body mass index among medical students Sitompul, Christian Michael Oloan; Girsang, Ermi; Pratama, Irza Haicha
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8114

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a growing global health concern with increasing prevalence among young adults. Coffee consumption, particularly among medical students experiencing high academic stress, may influence body mass index (BMI) through various metabolic mechanisms. However, the relationship between different types of coffee and BMI remains inconclusive. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between coffee consumption habits (frequency and type of coffee) and BMI among medical students at Universitas Prima. Methods: A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in 2025. The sample comprised 87 medical students selected through simple random sampling from a population of 675 students. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing coffee consumption patterns (type and frequency) and self-reported weight and height for BMI calculation. BMI was classified according to WHO criteria: underweight (<18.5 kg/m²), normal (18.5-24.9 kg/m²), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m²), and obese (≥30 kg/m²). Coffee consumption was categorized by type (Americano vs. milk coffee) and frequency (1-2 times/week vs. >3 times/week). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with non-parametric tests. Results: Milk coffee was more popular than Americano among both male (72.1%) and female (89.6%) students. Among obese students, 100% consumed milk coffee, while underweight students showed the highest preference for Americano (37.5%). Students with normal BMI predominantly consumed coffee 1-2 times weekly (69.8%), while obese students showed higher consumption frequency (>3 times/week: 20%). Normality tests showed non-normal distribution of BMI data (p<0.001 for both coffee type and frequency). Bivariate analysis revealed no significant association between coffee type and BMI (p=0.220) or between consumption frequency and BMI (p=0.578). Conclusion: Coffee consumption habits, including type and frequency, were not significantly associated with BMI among medical students at Universitas Prima. BMI appears to be influenced by multiple interacting factors beyond coffee consumption alone. Further research with larger samples and consideration of confounding variables such as physical activity, dietary patterns, and sleep quality is warranted.
Co-Authors Br Ginting, Masita Unjuk Girsang, Ermi irza Haicha Pratama Simbolon, Boyke Marthin Sukma, Triza Via Tarigan, Elviyanti