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All Journal The Indonesian Biomedical Journal IDJP (Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics)
Amaliah, Salma
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Public Health

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Ternary Solid Dispersion Improves Anti-cancer Activity of Alpha-mangostin Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Budiman, Arif; Yunita, Ellen Nathania; Rusdin, Agus; Marcelino, Jeremy; Amaliah, Salma; Aulifa, Diah Lia
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 18, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v18i1.3938

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Alpha-mangostin (AM) exhibits potent anti-breast cancer activity but its therapeutic effectiveness is constrained due to low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability. Ternary solid dispersions (TSDs) were developed by adding another excipient to address these challenges. Nevertheless, limited studies have systematically evaluated whether improvements in dissolution and stability achieved through TSD systems are translated into enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity of AM. Therefore, TSD system of AM with Eudragit (EUD) and Poloxamer (POL) was developed, and in vitro cytotoxicity activity was evaluated as a preliminary proof-of-concept in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.METHODS: TSD of AM was prepared by solvent evaporation and characterized by Power X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. The pharmaceutical properties were evaluated by in vitro dissolution test using a standard paddle apparatus, while physical stability was assessed under two relative humidity environments. The in vitro anticancer efficacy was examined in MCF-7 breast cancer cell using an MTT assay.RESULTS: Amorphization of TSD was confirmed by a halo pattern with PXRD measurements and the absence of an AM melting peak in the DSC curve. FT-IR analysis revealed hydrogen bond interactions between the carbonyl group of AM and EUD/POL protons. TSD system significantly improved the dissolution profile and enhanced cytotoxic effects, reducing cell viability to 1.17% at 16 µg/mL with an IC50 of 7.11 μg/mL (CI 95%: 6.626-7.591).CONCLUSION: The TSD system significantly improved dissolution profile and in vitro cytotoxicity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, providing proof-of-concept for enhancing the biological performance of AM. KEYWORDS: alpha-mangostin, ternary solid dispersions, dissolution, MCF-7, cytotoxicity
Ternary Solid Dispersions for Improved Dissolution Profile of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs: Insights from Recent Studies Amaliah, Salma; Aulifa, Diah Lia; Budiman, Arif
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 7, Issue 2, May - August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v7i2.63625

Abstract

Enhancing the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs remains a major challenge in drug development. Binary solid dispersions (BSDs), composed of a drug and a hydrophilic polymer, have been employed to improve solubility primarily through amorphization. However, many BSD systems suffer from limited wettability and suboptimal dispersion, which reduce their effectiveness in promoting rapid and consistent drug release. Ternary solid dispersions (TSDs) introduce a functional third component, such as an additional polymer, surfactant, co-former, or other excipient, to overcome these limitations and further enhance dissolution performance. This review provides a concise summary of current advancements in TSD systems and their underlying mechanisms for improving drug dissolution. Relevant studies published between 2020 and 2025 were retrieved from Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed using the keywords "ternary solid dispersion" and "dissolution." Critical formulation strategies, excipient combinations, and manufacturing techniques were summarized to elucidate how TSDs improve dissolution by stabilizing the amorphous state, inhibiting nucleation and crystal growth, enhancing wettability, and preventing particle agglomeration. The selected preparation method was determined to significantly affect dissolution behavior. The compiled evidence supports TSD systems as a versatile and efficient strategy for improving the dissolution characteristics of poorly water-soluble drugs, offering substantial potential for advancing oral drug delivery.
Co-Authors Arif Budiman Diah Lia Aulifa Marcelino, Jeremy Rusdin, Agus Yunita, Ellen Nathania