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All Journal Casuarina: Environmental Engineering Journal Jurnal Etnofarmasi
Wa Siti Arabiya
UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN MUHAMMADIYAH SORONG
Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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ANALISIS GUGUS FUNGSI SERTA PENETAPAN KADAR TOTAL FLAVONOID DAN ALKALOID PADA EKSTRAK PAKIS MERAH (Stenochlaena palutris) Angga Bayu Budiyanto; Wa Siti Arabiya
JURNAL ETNOFARMASI Vol. 3 No. 01 (2025): JURNAL ETNOFARMASI
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Muhammadiyah Sorong

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36232/jurnalfarmasiunimuda.v3i01.1987

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three extraction methods (maceration, soxhletation, and reflux) in obtaining bioactive compounds from Red Fern (Stenochlaena palutris), which is known to have therapeutic potential. The methods used included cold extraction (maceration) and hot extraction (soxhletation, reflux) with ethanol solvent, which was chosen because of its ability to dissolve polar and nonpolar compounds. The maceration method produced the highest yield of 15.4002% with extraction for 72 hours without heating, which maintained the stability of the active compounds. In contrast, the soxhletation and reflux methods produced yields of 2% and 10%, respectively, possibly due to degradation of the active compounds due to heating. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and terpenoids in the resulting extracts. FTIR assay identified various important functional groups such as hydroxyl (-OH), alkanes, and C-O in all extraction methods. and the determination of the total alkaloid content obtained was 1.066335% while the total flavonoid content obtained was 4.652425%. So from the data it can be seen that the total Flavonoid compound is greater than the Alkaloid compound
Study of Pharmaceutical Compound Degradation in Liquid Waste Using Environmentally Friendly Nanotechnology-Based Photocatalysts Nurul Arsy; Hafid Prasetyo; Hartiana Anas; Wa Siti Arabiya; Taip Gegetu
Casuarina: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 3 No 2 (2026): CEEJ APR 2026
Publisher : LRI Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33506/ceej.v3i2.5607

Abstract

Pharmaceutical compounds discharged into aquatic environments, such as antibiotics and analgesics, are resistant to natural degradation and pose risks including microbial resistance and ecological imbalance. This study investigates the application of nanotechnology-based photocatalysts, specifically TiO₂ nanostructures, for the degradation of pharmaceutical pollutants in wastewater. The photocatalyst was synthesized using a sol-gel method and characterized by XRD and SEM to confirm its crystalline structure and morphology. Degradation experiments were conducted on paracetamol and selected antibiotics under UV irradiation. Results indicated that TiO₂ nanostructured photocatalysts achieved up to 75% degradation within 120 minutes. The photocatalytic mechanism involves the generation of hydroxyl radicals that attack the chemical bonds of pharmaceutical compounds, producing simpler and less harmful byproducts. Enhanced degradation efficiency was observed with increased light intensity and larger surface area of the photocatalyst. Compared to conventional treatment methods, this approach is energy-efficient and does not generate hazardous residues. The findings highlight the potential of nanotechnology-based photocatalysis as a sustainable solution for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment, aligning with green technology initiatives in environmental engineering. 
Co-Authors Angga Bayu Budiyanto Hafid Prasetyo Hartiana Anas Nurul Arsy Taip Gegetu