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Application of response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) to optimize of green ammonia production using magnetic induction method (MIM) and nanocatalysts Poppy Puspitasari; Nandang Mufti; Ahmad Atif Fikri; Deny Yudo Wahyudi; Maizatul Shima binti Shaharun; Anisa Ur Rahmah; Diki Dwi Pramono
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.13408

Abstract

Ammonia synthesis in conventional industrial plants typically employs fused iron-based catalysts under harsh conditions (temperatures of 400–700 °C and pressures exceeding 300 atm), resulting in significant energy consumption. This study investigates the potential of using a Mn0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 catalyst, synthesized under varying sintering temperatures and magnetic field inductions, to enable ammonia synthesis under milder conditions. Additionally, process optimization was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Central Composite Design (CCD). Catalyst characterization results indicate that the crystallite size of Mn0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 increases with higher sintering temperatures. The catalyst exhibits a near-spherical morphology with notable agglomeration. Magnetic property analysis shows that samples sintered at 700 °C and 900 °C display ferrimagnetic behavior, while the sample sintered at 1100 °C exhibits ferromagnetic characteristics. Temperature-Programmed Reduction (TPR) revealed a maximum reduction peak at 788 °C for the catalyst sintered at 1100 °C, indicating enhanced reducibility. Ammonia formation was successfully achieved using a Helmholtz coil-assisted synthesis method, where the produced ammonia was captured in acidic and basic media in the form of NH₄OH and (NH₄)₂SO₄, confirming the catalytic activity of Mn0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4. The RSM model demonstrated high accuracy with an R² value of 99.73%, and residual analysis confirmed normal distribution, validating model assumptions. The optimal synthesis parameters determined were a sintering temperature of 700 °C, magnetic induction of 0.14 T, and a reaction temperature of 28 °C. The minimal deviation between predicted and experimental responses confirms the reliability and predictive accuracy of the quadratic regression model.
Pemanfaatan Situs Air Panas Songgoriti sebagai Inovasi Sumber Belajar Sejarah Lokal bagi Guru MGMP Kota Batu Deny Yudo Wahyudi; Daya Negri Wijaya; Andhika Yudha Pratama; Nayla Cahaya Kirani; Labuda Shofiya Ananda; Anisa Musyaroful Ikhrom
Buletin Dharmas Andalas Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): Buletin Dharmas Andalas
Publisher : Departemen Budidaya Tanaman Perkebunan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/bda.v3i2.91

Abstract

The utilization of local history as a learning resource represents an important approach to fostering contextual and meaningful history education. Nevertheless, the potential of local historical heritage in Batu City, particularly the Songgoriti Hot Spring Site, has not yet been optimally incorporated into history teaching practices. This article aims to describe the implementation of a community engagement program designed to enhance the professional competence of history teachers affiliated with the Batu City History Teachers’ Association (MGMP) in utilizing the Songgoriti Hot Spring Site as an innovative local history learning resource. The program was implemented through three stages: pre-activity, activity implementation, and post-activity. The pre-activity stage included an assessment of the partners’ problems and needs, as well as the preparation of instructional materials and media. During the implementation stage, participants received three sessions covering the archaeological heritage potential of Batu City, Songgoriti: Findings, Restoration, Utilization Potential, and Challenges, and Artificial Intelligence and Its Use in History Education, followed by discussion and question-and-answer sessions. The post-activity stage included evaluation and planning for follow-up activities with the partners. The findings indicate that the program provided teachers with insights into the history and potential of the Songgoriti Hot Spring Site, as well as the use of artificial intelligence to support history education while maintaining information verification. The program also supports the development of contextual history learning resources through the utilization of cultural heritage in the surrounding environment.