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All Journal Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Automotive Experiences
Djoko Wahyu Karmiadji
National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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Experimental study on a new prototype design of electric bus vehicle structure under torsion loading conditions Budi Haryanto; Danardono Agus Sumarsono; Djoko Wahyu Karmiadji; Mohammad Adhitya; Stevanus Brian Kristianto; Lukyawan Pama Deprian
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.13559

Abstract

Vehicles commonly encounter uneven road conditions, which can lead to torsional deformation of the frame structure. The results of finite element analysis (FEA) indicate that the highest stress occurs under torsion loading conditions. To validate these simulation results, an experimental study was conducted involving static load testing under torsional loading conditions on a hybrid frame structure, composed of SS 400 carbon steel and 6061 aluminum alloy, designed for a 70-passenger electric bus. The test was performed by applying a static load of 6,825 kg as sandbags on the seating area and aisle, and supporting the frame on three wheels only. Strain measurements were recorded using 28 strain gauges: 20 on the SS 400 carbon steel underframe and 8 on the 6061 aluminum alloy structure of the side and roof frames. The total load was the weight of 70 passengers plus a 30% dynamic load factor. Experimental analysis revealed a maximum stress value of 76.42 MPa in the SS 400 carbon steel of the underframe at location 9 in the central section of the underframe. In the 6061 aluminum alloy structure, the maximum stress value of 15.56 MPa was obtained in the roof frame directly below the air conditioner unit. Overall, the measured stress values were within the elastic ranges of the materials used, demonstrating structural integrity under load. The average difference between the experimental results for stress and the finite element analysis (FEA) simulation was approximately 11.21%.
Ramie-PLA Composite Hollow Sections for EV Chassis: Development and Static Bending Test Mustasyar Perkasa; Tresna Priyana Soemardi; Djoko Wahyu Karmiadji; Yudan Whulanza; Arief Setyawan; Rizky Pratama Mulyana; Arga Agung Nugroho; Wahyu Sulistiyo; Masripah Masripah; Ridho Dwimansyah; Makmuri Makmuri; Wely Pasadena; Olivier Polit
Automotive Experiences Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.14960

Abstract

The increasing demand for sustainable and lightweight materials in the transportation sector, particularly in the context of electric vehicles (EVs), has accelerated the exploration of bio-based composites as viable alternatives to conventional structural materials. This study investigates the mechanical performance of hollow structural components fabricated from polylactic acid (PLA)-based composites reinforced with natural ramie fibers, targeting their application as chassis elements in urban electric vehicles. Emphasis is placed on replacing commercial steel hollow sections with environmentally benign alternatives that maintain mechanical integrity while offering additional functional benefits such as electrical non-conductivity. Three-point bending tests were conducted to evaluate the composite specimens' flexural strength, stiffness, and failure behavior to assess structural viability. This method was selected for its relevance to real-world bending stresses encountered in vehicular chassis components and suitability for consistent evaluation across beam-like geometries. Results demonstrate that the ramie-PLA bio-composite exhibits promising flexural performance, with sufficient bendability and stiffness for potential structural integration. Furthermore, the non-conductive nature of the composite presents a significant advantage for reducing electromagnetic interference with sensitive electronic systems common in EV platforms. The findings support the feasibility of deploying natural fiber-reinforced PLA composites as a sustainable, cost-effective solution for lightweight automotive structures, particularly in emerging markets where urban EV adoption is rapidly expanding.
Co-Authors Arga Agung Nugroho Arief Setyawan Budi Haryanto Danardono Agus Sumarsono Lukyawan Pama Deprian Makmuri Makmuri Masripah Masripah Mohammad Adhitya Mustasyar Perkasa Olivier Polit Ridho Dwimansyah Rizky Pratama Mulyana Stevanus Brian Kristianto Tresna Priyana Soemardi Wahyu Sulistiyo Wely Pasadena Yudan Whulanza