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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Sipil Cendekia (JTSC)
Teguh Prasidha, I Nyoman
Unknown Affiliation
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

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SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF LAND COVER CHANGE (1990–2021) AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON HYDROLOGICAL RISK IN THE CENTRAL CILIWUNG WATERSHED (DEPOK–SOUTH JAKARTA) : Dinamika Perubahan Tata Guna Lahan di DAS Ciliwung Bagian Tengah dan Implikasinya terhadap Lingkungan Perkotaan Yan Oktaria, Belicka; Tri Juniati, Atie; Teguh Prasidha, I Nyoman
JURNAL TEKNIK SIPIL CENDEKIA (JTSC) Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : Departement of Civil Engineering, Universitas Winaya Mukti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51988/jtsc.v7i1.425

Abstract

The Central Ciliwung Watershed represents a strategic hydrological transition zone between upstream and downstream Jakarta that has experienced rapid urban transformation over the past three decades. This study analyzes spatio-temporal land cover change from 1990 to 2021 and evaluates its implications for hydrological risk. Multi-temporal Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 imagery (30 m spatial resolution) for 1990, 2000, and 2011 and Sentinel-2 Level-2A imagery (10 m spatial resolution) for 2021 were processed. Sentinel-2 imagery was resampled to 30 m to ensure spatial consistency. Atmospheric correction and cloud masking were applied using QA bands and Scene Classification Layer (SCL). Supervised classification with the Random Forest algorithm produced an overall accuracy of 87.6% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.84. Built-up land expanded from 8,240.24 ha (23.9%) in 1990 to 29,258.90 ha (86.3%) in 2021, while agricultural and vegetated areas declined substantially. Increasing impervious surfaces reduce infiltration capacity and elevate runoff coefficients, potentially intensifying peak discharge. These findings highlight the importance of integrated watershed-scale planning and infiltration-based urban drainage strategies.
LAND USE CHANGE, WATERSHED DEGRADATION, AND THE ROLE OF NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS IN FLOOD RISK REDUCTION IN THE CIMANDIRI WATERSHED, WEST JAVA, INDONESIA Lesmana, Sandy; Trijuniati, Atie; Teguh Prasidha, I Nyoman
JURNAL TEKNIK SIPIL CENDEKIA (JTSC) Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : Departement of Civil Engineering, Universitas Winaya Mukti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51988/jtsc.v7i1.429

Abstract

Flood occurrence in tropical watershed systems is increasingly linked to structural landscape transformation and declining ecological regulation capacity. In the Cimandiri Watershed of West Java, rapid land conversion over the past three decades has altered hydrological processes and intensified downstream vulnerability. This research investigates long-term land use transitions (1990–2024), evaluates watershed degradation using weighted biophysical indicators, and identifies strategic zones for ecosystem-based flood mitigation. Spatial analysis integrating land use, slope gradient, and critical land status reveals that 42.44% of the watershed area is categorized as moderately to highly degraded. Built-up land expanded almost fourfold during the study period, while forest cover declined substantially, indicating a shift from infiltration-dominated to runoff-dominated hydrological behavior. Areas with elevated degradation levels spatially correspond to zones of recurrent flood exposure in downstream and coastal sectors. The study proposes targeted implementation of Nature-Based Solutions (NbS), including upstream reforestation, riparian buffer restoration, and downstream retention enhancement, as a complementary strategy to conventional infrastructure. The findings emphasize that flood risk in Cimandiri is a systemic watershed issue shaped by cumulative upstream–downstream interactions rather than isolated local factors
Co-Authors Sandy Lesmana Tri Juniati, Atie Trijuniati, Atie Yan Oktaria, Belicka