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All Journal Jurnal Wilayah, Kota dan Lingkungan Berkelanjutan Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi
Wildan Maulana Assani Mualim
Unknown Affiliation
Arts Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences Transportation

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Determinants Of Regional Economic Growth In Java Island: An Analysis Of Capital Expenditure, General Allocation Funds, And Labor Using A Fixed Effect Model (2020–2024) Muhammad Daffarezel Ramadhan; Rifat Ahmad; Wildan Maulana Assani Mualim; Markus Kayame; Arina Romarina
EKOMA : Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi Vol. 5 No. 3: Maret 2026
Publisher : CV. Ulil Albab Corp

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56799/ekoma.v5i3.13523

Abstract

This study examines the impact of regional capital expenditure, General Allocation Funds (DAU), and labor on real per capita Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) growth across 118 regencies and cities in Java Island from 2020 to 2024. Using a Fixed Effect Model (FEM) with clustered robust standard errors, the balanced panel dataset includes 590 observations from six provinces: Banten, DKI Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta Special Region, and East Java. The findings show that capital expenditure per capita has a significant positive elasticity of 0.247 (p < 0.001), increasing to a cumulative 0.297 when including a one-year lag, indicating sustained effects of public investment. DAU per capita exhibits a positive but statistically insignificant elasticity of 0.089 (p = 0.145), suggesting potential flypaper effects or indirect influence through capital spending. Labor emerges as the strongest driver of growth, with an elasticity of 0.654 (p < 0.001), which is 2.65 times larger than the impact of capital expenditure. Diagnostic tests validate the model, showing corrected heteroskedasticity, marginal autocorrelation, low multicollinearity (maximum VIF = 3.45), and approximately normal residuals. The results highlight that while public infrastructure investment remains important, a skilled and productive labor force is the most critical determinant of regional growth. Policy recommendations include increasing central government allocations for productive infrastructure, enhancing local government human capital development and capital spending quality, and adopting multi-year evaluation frameworks to capture long-term infrastructure benefits. Future research should explore DAU mediation pathways and spatial spillover effects across jurisdictions.
Rekonfigurasi POAC untuk Tata Kelola Era Digital: Tinjauan Pustaka Integratif atas Kesenjangan Bentuk–Substansi dalam Manajemen Sektor Publik Luthfi Azhari; Wildan Maulana Assani Mualim; Muhammad Daffarezel Ramadhan; Pujo Santoso
JURNAL WILAYAH, KOTA DAN LINGKUNGAN BERKELANJUTAN Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL WILAYAH, KOTA DAN LINGKUNGAN BERKELANJUTAN
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Cenderawasih

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58169/jwikal.v5i1.1105

Abstract

This study aims to synthesize empirical and theoretical literature on the Planning–Organizing–Actuating–Controlling (POAC) framework in public sector management, identify asymmetries among its functions, and propose a reconfiguration of POAC that is relevant to digital and collaborative governance. The study employs an integrative literature review by examining classical management literature, peer-reviewed journals, government regulations, and official governance indicators. Data were analyzed thematically based on the four POAC functions and synthesized across themes, using Indonesia during the 2021–2025 period as the empirical context. The findings reveal that planning and organizing functions have developed relatively well, while actuating and especially controlling remain persistent weaknesses. This condition is reflected in improvements in several formal governance indicators, including the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) Index, Indonesia’s ranking in the E-Government Development Index (EGDI), Unqualified Audit Opinions (WTP), and public service compliance ratings. However, during the same period, the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) declined. These findings indicate a gap between administrative achievements and substantive outcomes, consistent with the concept of means–ends decoupling in neo-institutional theory. The study contributes by bridging classical management theory with contemporary governance paradigms and proposing a Data-driven, Networked, Adaptive, and Participatory (DNAP) model of POAC. Practically, the results highlight the need to strengthen controlling functions and adaptive leadership to foster more effective, transparent, and outcome-oriented public governance.
Co-Authors Arina Romarina Luthfi Azhari Markus Kayame Muhammad Daffarezel Ramadhan Pujo Santoso Rifat Ahmad