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All Journal Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health
Naria, Evi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Health Professions Public Health

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Improving Environmental Health Awareness through the PHAST Method for Household Sanitation Intervention in the Belawan Coastal Region Naria, Evi; Chahaya, Indra; Rusmalawaty, Rusmalawaty; Hamzah, Diza Fathamira; Anggraini, Anggraini; Adjani, Tamia Sakinah
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 8, No 1 (2026): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v8i1.26695

Abstract

Coastal areas are often faced with complex public health challenges due to environmental vulnerability and limited access to sanitation facilities. Poor sanitation contributes to a high prevalence of environment-related diseases such as diarrhea and malnutrition among children under five. This quasi-experimental study included 30 households with toddlers in Medan Belawan, Medan City. The Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation (PHAST) method was implemented to empower families in managing sanitation and hygiene practices. Data were collected through observation and assessment of household sanitation conditions before and after the intervention. Analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test at a 95% confidence interval due to non-normal data distribution. The results showed a significant improvement in household sanitation scores after the PHAST intervention (Z = -3.905; p < 0.05). Approximately 63.3% of households had increased scores, particularly in handwashing at critical times, waste management, as well as water and food storage practices, signifying a meaningful magnitude of behavioral change. However, this study was limited by its small sample size, absence of a control group, and short observation period, which hindered causal inference and generalizability. Despite the limitations, the evidences suggest that PHAST is a promising method for improving household sanitation management and hygiene behavior in coastal settings. Future studies with larger samples and controlled designs are recommended to assess sustainability and long-term health outcomes Keywords: Household Sanitation, Environmental Diseases, Coastal Area, PHAST
Co-Authors Adjani, Tamia Sakinah Anggraini, Anggraini Chahaya, Indra Hamzah, Diza Fathamira Rusmalawaty Rusmalawaty