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Potential for Blood Glucose Reduction by Indonesian Plant Leaf Extracts: Systematic Review of in Vivo Studies Febryanti, Made Devina; Wibowo, I Putu Adi; Tresnadinata, I Made Lingga; Pradnyadewi, Ni Putu Cempaka; Rahmadewi, Made Ayu Rahayu Agastyane
Jurnal Sehat Indonesia (JUSINDO) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Sehat Indonesia (JUSINDO)
Publisher : CV. Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/-.v8i1.491

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. The rising prevalence of diabetes has increased interest in alternative therapies, including herbal medicines. Indonesia has abundant medicinal plants whose leaf extracts contain bioactive compounds with potential antidiabetic effects, yet scientific evidence regarding their effectiveness remains fragmented. Purpose: Therefore, this study aims to systematically review the potential of Indonesian plant leaf extracts in reducing blood glucose levels based on in vivo experimental studies. Method: A systematic review was conducted by following the PRISMA guidelines through a literature search on the Google Scholar and Science Direct databases. The articles analyzed were original studies published between 2020 and 2025 that focused on in vivo studies examining the potential of various leaf extracts to reduce blood glucose levels. Discussion: Phytochemical analysis indicates that leaf extracts may act effectively by providing antioxidant protection to pancreatic beta cells, increasing GLUT4 expression, and inhibiting digestive enzymes. Although their effects can rival standard drugs with a lower risk of hypoglycemia, the current literature still has limitations, particularly the short duration of in vivo testing and the lack of chronic toxicity data. Conclusion: Indonesian plant leaf extracts show promising potential as natural antihyperglycemic agents; nevertheless, further studies involving long-term toxicity evaluation, standardized extraction methods, and clinical trials are required to confirm their safety and effectiveness in humans.
Transforming Medical Tourism: A Tri Hita Karana-Inspired Framework for Cultural and Holistic Wellness In Bali Laba, Made Ajiswara; Wibowo, I Putu Adi; Buntoro, Veronica Aurelie; Maheswari, Ayu Putu Githa; Utami, I Gusti Ayu Intan Pramesti; Putri, Laras Nazillah
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2026): Volume 6 Nomor 4 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v6i4.21503

Abstract

ABSTRACT Medical tourism has emerged as a global phenomenon, driven by cost-effective healthcare, advanced medical technologies, and the allure of exotic destinations. Bali, Indonesia, renowned for its cultural richness and natural beauty, is a burgeoning hub for medical tourism. However, existing models often prioritize economic benefits over cultural and holistic integration, limiting their sustainability. This study proposes a novel medical tourism model grounded in the Balinese philosophy of Tri Hita Karana, which emphasizes harmony with God (Parahyangan), humans (Pawongan), and nature (Palemahan). Using a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA methodology, we synthesized 45 peer-reviewed studies to develop a culturally sensitive and holistic framework. The findings reveal that integrating spiritual wellness, community-based care, and eco-friendly practices enhances patient satisfaction and aligns with global wellness trends. The proposed model offers a transformative approach to medical tourism by embedding Balinese cultural values into healthcare delivery. This study contributes to the literature by addressing the gap in culturally grounded medical tourism frameworks and provides practical recommendations for stakeholders to implement sustainable, holistic care in Bali. Future research should empirically validate the model’s effectiveness and explore its adaptability in other cultural contexts. This framework not only elevates Bali’s position in the global medical tourism market but also promotes cultural preservation and environmental sustainability. Keywords: Medical tourism, Tri Hita Karana, Holistic Health, Bali.