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All Journal Jurnal Sehat Indonesia (JUSINDO) JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia
Rahmadewi, Made Ayu Rahayu Agastyane
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Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Adverse Events Of Atovaquone-Proguanil Compared With Mefloquine as Malaria Chemoprophylaxis Used By Visitors Of Malaria Endemic Country : A Systematic Review And Meta Analysis Tammubua, Jerroll Septian; Giri, Made Kurnia Widiastuti; Rahmadewi, Made Ayu Rahayu Agastyane; Tresnadinata, I Made Lingga; Pradnyadewi, Ni Putu Cempaka Pradnyadewi; Febryanti, Made Devina
JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 12 No 1 (2025): JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol. 12.1 (2025)
Publisher : BAPIN-ISMKI (Badan Analisis Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional - Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53366/jimki.v12i1.849

Abstract

Introduction: Chemoprophylaxis plays a crucial role in preventing malaria among travellers to endemic regions. Atovaquone-proguanil and mefloquine are two of the main chemoprophylactic agents recommended by the WHO and CDC to prevent malaria. Both are effective in malaria prophylaxis but are associated with distinct adverse events that can influence their use in travellers. Method: Literature search was conducted in ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases until 2025 without language constraints. Inclusion criteria focused on studies assessed the use of both atovaquone-proguanil and mefloquine as malaria prophylaxis in visitors to malaria-endemic countries. The risk of bias was evaluated using TheNewcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane "RoB" tool. Discussion: A total of 10 studies were included and resulting in 15 categories of adverse events. Reported events were diarrhea (RR 1.07; 95% CI; p = 0.72) mouth ulcers (RR 2.88; 95% CI; p = 0,32), indigestion (RR 1.17; 95% CI; p = 0.80), abdominal pain (RR 1.41; 95% CI; p = 0.10), vomiting & Nausea (RR 0.64; 95% CI; p = 0.16), insomnia (RR 0.25; 95% CI; p = 0.007), dizziness/vertigo (RR 0.41; 95% CI; p = 0.02), tinnitus (RR 0.70, 95% CI; p < 0.00001), anxiety (RR 0.13; 95% CI; p < 0.00001),  depression (RR 0.20; 95% CI; p < 0.00001), nightmares (RR 0.18; 95% CI; p = 0.001), headaches (RR 0.47; 95% CI; p = 0.003), dermatological effects (RR 0.89; 95% CI; p = 0.74), eye disorders (RR 0.42; 95% CI; p = 0.02), and a pooled analysis along with events not specifically mentioned (RR 0.38; 95% CI; p = 0.33). Heterogeneity among included studies was generally low to moderate. Conclusion: Practically, mefloquine is suitable for long-term weekly prophylaxis except for those with psychiatric disorders, whereas atovaquone-proguanil is preferred for short-term travel with the recommendation to administer it with food.
Potential for Blood Glucose Reduction by Indonesian Plant Leaf Extracts: Systematic Review of in Vivo Studies Febryanti, Made Devina; Wibowo, I Putu Adi; Tresnadinata, I Made Lingga; Pradnyadewi, Ni Putu Cempaka; Rahmadewi, Made Ayu Rahayu Agastyane
Jurnal Sehat Indonesia (JUSINDO) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Sehat Indonesia (JUSINDO)
Publisher : CV. Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/-.v8i1.491

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. The rising prevalence of diabetes has increased interest in alternative therapies, including herbal medicines. Indonesia has abundant medicinal plants whose leaf extracts contain bioactive compounds with potential antidiabetic effects, yet scientific evidence regarding their effectiveness remains fragmented. Purpose: Therefore, this study aims to systematically review the potential of Indonesian plant leaf extracts in reducing blood glucose levels based on in vivo experimental studies. Method: A systematic review was conducted by following the PRISMA guidelines through a literature search on the Google Scholar and Science Direct databases. The articles analyzed were original studies published between 2020 and 2025 that focused on in vivo studies examining the potential of various leaf extracts to reduce blood glucose levels. Discussion: Phytochemical analysis indicates that leaf extracts may act effectively by providing antioxidant protection to pancreatic beta cells, increasing GLUT4 expression, and inhibiting digestive enzymes. Although their effects can rival standard drugs with a lower risk of hypoglycemia, the current literature still has limitations, particularly the short duration of in vivo testing and the lack of chronic toxicity data. Conclusion: Indonesian plant leaf extracts show promising potential as natural antihyperglycemic agents; nevertheless, further studies involving long-term toxicity evaluation, standardized extraction methods, and clinical trials are required to confirm their safety and effectiveness in humans.
Co-Authors Febryanti, Made Devina Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri Pradnyadewi, Ni Putu Cempaka Pradnyadewi, Ni Putu Cempaka Pradnyadewi Tammubua, Jerroll Septian Tresnadinata, I Made Lingga Wibowo, I Putu Adi