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All Journal Jurnal Statistika dan Matematika (Statmat) Priviet Social Sciences Journal
Halma, Karini
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Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Gender-based leadership disparities: obstacles to women becoming leaders in student organizations Raihannabil, Syfriza Davies; Novelia, Friska; Halma, Karini; Hastin, Nadya Noor; Rajagukguk, Marlon Brando
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v6i3.964

Abstract

This study identifies internal and external factors that hinder women from becoming leaders of student organizations. Traditional leadership stereotypes consider men to be more worthy of leadership than women, resulting in disparities in gender-based leadership. In fact, men and women should have equal opportunities to become leaders. This study simultaneously examines internal and external factors that hinder women from becoming leaders based on statistical and empirical evidence that has never been found in previous studies. The survey-based sampling study involved 90 respondents who were divided into female students who were and were not leaders of student organizations. The survey data were analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis. This study found that self-confidence and responsibility have a statistically significant effect on women's leadership. Women with lower self-confidence and responsibility show a lower tendency to become leaders. Understanding, knowledge, patriarchal culture, ability, and relationships did not show a significant effect. However, women who become leaders generally have higher knowledge, perceive less patriarchal culture, and have stronger relationships. The main obstacle for women in taking leadership positions is internal factors. Therefore, development programs that focus on increasing self-confidence and responsibility need to be a priority.
Spatial Modeling in Public Health: A Review of Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression (GWPR) Applications Raihannabil, Syfriza Davies; Halma, Karini; Hutagalung, Reghita Maria
STATMAT : JURNAL STATISTIKA DAN MATEMATIKA Vol 8 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32493/sm.v8i1.54205

Abstract

Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression (GWPR) is an important approach in analyzing spatial count data, especially in the field of public health. However, its application in Indonesia still has various methodological weaknesses. This study aims to critically review the suitability and application of the GWPR model, as well as analyze aspects of statistical assumptions, weighting function selection, model evaluation, and methodological innovation. This study uses an article review approach of 10 research articles that apply GWPR in public health. The review results show that most studies have not explicitly articulated research gaps and novelty, and have ignored crucial offset variables in count data. Spatial heterogeneity testing is often performed incorrectly using the BP test instead of visual exploration through thematic maps. The selection of weighting functions and bandwidths is often not based on objective evaluation. Additionally, many studies have not conducted multicollinearity checks and tests of the assumption of equidispersion, which directly impact model validity. Descriptive analysis and visualization of local parameters through maps remain limited, hindering contextual interpretation. Finally, some studies fail to include model goodness-of-fit evaluations such as AIC or pseudo-R², making it impossible to demonstrate the superiority of GWPR over global models objectively. These findings underscore the importance of upholding statistical validation principles and methodological transparency in GWPR modeling to produce accurate and relevant spatial analyses for regional policy-making.
Co-Authors Hastin, Nadya Noor Hutagalung, Reghita Maria Novelia, Friska Raihannabil, Syfriza Davies Rajagukguk, Marlon Brando