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Athaya, Ahmad Faiq
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Engineering Environmental Science Public Health Other

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Water Quality, Sanitation, and WASH Service-Level Assessment in Three Islamic Boarding Schools (Dayah) in Aceh: A Multi-Site Comparative Study Ashari, Teuku Muhammad; Rohendi, Aulia; Faridy, Faizatul; Rahman, Arief; Dipa, Syahrul Ridha; Effendi, Rijal; Tanjung, Aris Muda; Athaya, Ahmad Faiq; Maulana, Teuku Rian
Journal of Community Based Environmental Engineering and Management Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering - Universitas Pasundan - Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jcbeem.v10i1.42131

Abstract

This study compared drinking-water quality, general-use water quality, sanitation conditions, and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) service levels in three Islamic boarding schools (dayah) in Aceh Province, Indonesia. An exploratory multi-site mixed-methods design combined six point-of-use water samples, site observation, management interviews, and questionnaires administered to 10 students at each site. Water quality was assessed using pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and H₂S screening at all sites, while culture-based Escherichia coli and Total Coliform testing was conducted at only one site because of laboratory capacity constraints. Service performance was evaluated using an adapted WASHCost framework covering quality, quantity, accessibility, and reliability. Drinking water generally met the study reference ranges for pH and turbidity, but TDS exceeded the operational threshold of 300 mg/L at Al-Muslimun (400 mg/L) and Darul Aman (548 mg/L). General-use water showed the clearest cross-site weakness: H₂S screening was positive at 24 and 72 hours at all three dayah. Darul Aman recorded high turbidity (6.59 NTU) and TDS (1,051 mg/L), and Al-Muslimun showed a Total Coliform Count of 151 CFU/100 mL in general-use water, with E. coli non-detectable. Student perceptions were generally positive, indicating a perception-risk gap. Under the adapted WASHCost assessment, Al-Muslimun and Darul Ulum were classified as intermediate, whereas Darul Aman was classified as substandard. These findings suggest that dayah WASH improvement should prioritize the protection and routine monitoring of general-use water systems, not only treated drinking-water points.
Co-Authors Arief Rahman Dipa, Syahrul Ridha Effendi, Rijal Faizatul Faridy Maulana, Teuku Rian Rohendi, Aulia Tanjung, Aris Muda Teuku Muhammad Ashari