Harianto Harianto
Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Economics and Management, IPB University

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The Impact of Non-Tariff Measures on Indonesian Seaweed Exports to the International Market Rini Dwi Lestari; Harianto Harianto; Amzul Rifin
Agrisocionomics: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Vol 10, No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Science, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/agrisocionomics.v10i1.26640

Abstract

With the increasing global demand for seaweed and Indonesia’s position as one of the world’s largest producers, understanding the barriers to export growth has become increasingly urgent. This study investigates the impact of Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs) on Indonesia’s seaweed exports to six major destination countries—Chile, China, Denmark, Japan, Spain, and the United States—over the period 2012 to 2022, using annual panel data. A panel data regression analysis with the Random Effect Model (REM) is employed to examine the influence of various factors, including import prices, population, GDP per capita of the importing countries, and NTMs in the form of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) standards and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT). The findings show that import prices, GDP per capita, and the implementation of SPS and TBT measures negatively affect Indonesia’s seaweed export volume, while population growth in the importing countries has a positive and significant impact. Key challenges hindering Indonesia’s seaweed exports include stringent SPS requirements, food safety regulations, and product rejections due to contamination and non-compliance with international standards. To improve the competitiveness of Indonesian seaweed in the global market, it is essential to strengthen product quality, comply with international regulations, promote technological inovation, and provide targeted support for exporters.
Reconstructing a Museum Business Model Through an Emic Perspective: A Case Study of The SBY–ANI Museum and Gallery Kamhar Lakumani; Harianto Harianto; Yudha Heryawan Asnawi
Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JABM, Vol. 12 No. 1, Januari 2026
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jabm.12.1.140

Abstract

Background: Museums play an important role in delivering inspiration, education, and cultural preservation. The SBY–ANI Museum and Gallery is the first private presidential museum in Indonesia, aimed at inspiring visitors through the life journey of the 6th President of the Republic of Indonesia. However, there are still challenges in increasing visitor numbers and conveying the values that are intended to be shared.Purpose: This study aims to reconstruct the Business Model Canvas (BMC) of an inspirational museum by integrating an emic perspective.Design/methodology/approach: This study was conducted at the SBY–ANI Museum and Gallery in Pacitan, East Java, from October 2024 to February 2025. It employed the BMC framework and an emic approach to evaluate and redesign the museum’s operational strategy. The emic perspective, gathered from five figures closely associated with President SBY as respondents, was integrated to develop an improved BMC that aligns more deeply with his values and legacy.Findings/Results: The study finds that the museum’s initial BMC requires adjustments in customer segmentation, key activities, and key partnerships. The museum initially targeted high school students, but data indicate that most visitors are kindergarten to junior high school students attending school edutourism programs. Additionally, the museum’s revenue still relies heavily on ticket sales, highlighting the need for diversification through partnerships, memberships, and sponsorships.Conclusion: Integrating BMC with an emic perspective results in a more relevant and sustainable business model. Strengthening marketing strategies and engagement with cultural communities, youth organizations, and educational institutions is essential to enhancing its appeal, encouraging repeat visits, and expanding its market reach.Originality/value (State of the art): This study demonstrates that the BMC, when reconstructed through the integration of an emic perspective, can address gaps in business management within the cultural education sector. This approach fills a strategic void in museum planning, which often suffers from misalignment between operational activities and the cultural values intended to be conveyed. However, empirical studies that integrate emic perspectives into formal business model frameworks in museum governance remain limited. Keywords:  business model canvas, emic approach, museum strategy, educational tourism, operational strategy