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All Journal Scientific Journal of Mechanical Engineering Kinematika Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Science, and Innovation
Yahya Zakaria
Universitas Negeri Malang
Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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INTEGRATING AERODYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION AND SIMULATION TO ENHANCE UNMANNED ARIAL VEHICLE PERFORMANCE AND LOWER CARBON EMISSIONS Yahya Zakaria; Mochamad Viky Afandy; Abiyu Ramadhan; Riduwan Prasetya; Yayi Febdia Pradani; Danang Yugo Pratomo; Misbachudin Misbachudin
Scientific Journal of Mechanical Engineering Kinematika Vol 11 No 1 (2026): SJME Kinematika June 2026
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/sjmekinematika.v11i1.835

Abstract

This study develops an integrated aerodynamic optimization and simulation pipeline for fixed‑wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to improve mission efficiency while projecting lower carbon emissions through energy use reductions. A parametric geometry with airfoil selection, aspect ratio, sweep, taper, twist, and winglet controls is optimized using a multi‑objective genetic algorithm coupled to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. Objectives minimize drag and mission power while maximizing lift‑to‑drag under representative cruise conditions. A data‑efficient power model links aerodynamic states to per‑mission energy, enabling rapid iteration as a surrogate within the optimization loop. To ensure reliability, the CFD solver was validated against NASA experimental benchmarks for the NACA 0012 airfoil, achieving a margin of error below 3%. The optimization results demonstrate a significant shift from traditional baseline designs. By adopting a non-symmetric air foil combination, NACA 4412 root and NACA 2412 tip, increasing the aspect ratio to 9.8, and implementing specific winglet cant angels, the optimized design achieved a 44.7% reduction in aerodynamic drag. Visual analysis through velocity and pressure contours confirmed cleaner flow fields and weakened wingtip vortices, which directly translate to lower propulsion power. Ultimately, this study delivers a reproducible design pipeline an a Pareto-optimal map for balancing aerodynamic efficiency with structural practicality. While emissions were not measured directly, the documented 44.7% reduction in drag and corresponding decrease in energy demand provide a strong indicator for the potential to lower the carbon footprint of future UAV operations.
Analysis of Surface Defects on RAM BOP with Non-Destructive Testing and Crack Propagation Simulation to Detect Potential Crack Development Fadhil Wibowo; Andoko Andoko; Yahya Zakaria
Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Science, and Innovation Vol 6, No 1 (2026): (April)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.jmesi.2026.v6i1.8286

Abstract

Blowout Preventers (BOPs) are critical safety devices in drilling operations and operate in abrasive, high‑pressure environments that accelerate wear and failure. This study applies two Non‑Destructive Testing (NDT) methods, Liquid Penetrant Testing (LPT) and Magnetic Particle Testing (MPT), to identify surface defects on RAM BOP components, and integrates finite‑element‑based crack propagation simulation to assess the risk of further damage. LPT was applied to coated/non‑ferromagnetic parts, while MPT was used for ferromagnetic components, referencing ASME Section V acceptance criteria. Inspections revealed defects including a 4.9 mm crack on the piston shaft and pitting corrosion (≈0.8-5.3 mm) on several parts (e.g., cavity upper, housing). The simulation, with 3000 psi operating pressure and an initial flaw (l = 3 mm; h = 1 mm; r = 0.6 mm), predicted stress concentration at the crack tip (up to ~141 MPa) and potential growth toward ~7.9-11.7 mm if unrepaired. Recommended actions include re‑welding cracked regions and polishing minor scratches/pitting, combined with periodic NDT for early detection. The integrated NDT-simulation workflow supports proactive maintenance, enhances operational safety, and mitigates failure risk.
Corrosion-Induced Failure Mechanisms in Bio-Nano Hybrid Coatings for Structural Applications Maulidia Hendriani; Andoko Andoko; Riduwan Prasetya; Yahya Zakaria
Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Science, and Innovation Vol 6, No 1 (2026): (April)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.jmesi.2026.v6i1.8625

Abstract

This study examines the corrosion resistance performance and failure mechanisms of a hybrid coating system based on castor oil and nano-SiO₂ with three particle size variations (20 nm, 100 nm, and 500 nm) applied to ASTM A36 steel. We compared uncoated samples with three coating variants to evaluate the effect of nano-SiO₂ size on corrosion resistance and damage development. Coating resistance was tested using potentiodynamic polarization, FTIR analysis, corrosion morphology characterization, and coating thickness measurements. Compared to uncoated steel, the formulation with 100 nm nano-SiO₂ provided the greatest improvement, with a three-order decrease in corrosion current density (icorr = 1.33×10⁻⁸ A/cm²) and a shift in corrosion potential toward a more positive direction, accompanied by stable surface morphology and minimal chemical changes. This effectiveness is achieved through homogeneous particle dispersion, which produces a dense barrier structure and tortuous diffusion pathways without a significant increase in thickness. Failure mechanism analysis shows that small particle sizes (20 nm) trigger porous barrier breakdown due to nano-silica aggregation, while large particles (500 nm) cause coating cracking and localized pitting due to sedimentation and excessive thickness. In contrast, the 100 nm size stabilizes the passive film and suppresses pit initiation. These findings confirm that controlling the size and dispersion of nano-SiO₂ not only improves corrosion resistance but also determines the dominant failure pathway in coatings. This research contributes to the development of sustainable bio-nano coatings for structural applications by highlighting the importance of microstructural reinforcement and understanding failure mechanisms in designing high-resistance coating systems.
Comparative Structural Performance Evaluation of Modified Stopper Mounting Designs in Conveyor Systems Using Finite Element Simulation Maulidia Hendriani; Andoko Andoko; Riduwan Prasetya; Yahya Zakaria
Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Science, and Innovation Vol 6, No 1 (2026): (April)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.jmesi.2026.v6i1.8501

Abstract

This study investigates the structural performance of three stopper mounting designs for conveyor systems using finite element simulations in ANSYS Workbench. The analysis was conducted using a static structural method, where a vertical downward load of 103.43 N converted from the total weight of the stopper was applied to the structure, and fixed support boundary conditions were assigned at the mounting base. We compared the original design with two modified versions, including one reinforced with stiffening ribs. We evaluated each model under static loads by measuring total deformation, equivalent stress, elastic strain, and safety factor. Compared to the original design, MD 1 reduced total deformation by 88.42%, elastic strain by 53.04%, and equivalent stress by 30.72%, while increasing the safety factor by 0.94%. These improvements were achieved without significantly increasing material usage. The addition of stiffening ribs effectively directed internal forces, stabilized stress zones, and enhanced structural resilience. The original design, while functional, exhibited high deformation and uneven stress distribution that limited its suitability for precision-dependent operations. Reinforcing the geometry proved essential in achieving better mechanical performance and durability. This validates the use of local structural enhancement as a key strategy in mechanical design. The findings contribute to automation system development by highlighting the importance of local reinforcement in precision-oriented automation components.
Co-Authors Abiyu Ramadhan Andoko Andoko, Andoko Danang Yugo Pratomo Fadhil Wibowo Maulidia Hendriani Misbachudin Misbachudin Mochamad Viky Afandy Riduwan Prasetya Yayi Febdia Pradani