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All Journal Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Dan Inovasi
Reza febriano Armas
Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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The Effect of Quenching Methods Using Various Concentrations of Saltwater Solutions on the Hardness and Corrosion Rate of Low Carbon Steel After the Hardfacing Process Reza febriano Armas; Muhammad Fatihuddin; Basori; Ferry Budhi Susetyo; Muhammad Yunan Hasbi; Lukman Arhami; Satrio Dwifatan Sulistio
Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Dan Inovasi Volume 8 Number 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v8i1.9461

Abstract

This study analyzes the effect of different saltwater (NaCl) concentrations in the quenching medium on the microstructure, hardness, and corrosion rate of low-carbon steel after the hardfacing process. Hardfacing was performed using a DF2A-450-R electrode, followed by rapid cooling in distilled water containing 3.5%, 7%, and 10.5% NaCl. Microstructure was observed using an Olympus BX51M optical microscope, hardness was tested by the Vickers method, and corrosion behavior was evaluated via electrochemical Open Circuit Potential (OCP) and Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV). The results show that higher NaCl concentrations accelerate cooling and promote a more dominant martensitic structure. The 10.5% NaCl specimen achieved the highest hardness of 582.1 HV and exhibited a more positive corrosion potential with the lowest corrosion current. Therefore, the 10.5% NaCl quenching medium provides the optimal balance between hardness improvement and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for post-hardfacing heat treatment of low-carbon steel in demanding industrial applications.
Effect of Oil Viscosity as a Quenching Medium on Hardness and Corrosion Rate of Mild Steel After Hardfacing Muhammad Fatihuddin; Reza Febriano Armas; Ferry Budhi Susetyo; Syamsuir; Basori; Muhammad Yunan Hasbi
Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Dan Inovasi Volume 8 Number 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v8i1.9464

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of oil viscosity as a quenching medium on the hardness and corrosion rate of mild steel after hardfacing. The specimens were quenched using oils of different viscosities (SAE 30, SAE 40, and SAE 50) after hardfacing treatment. Microstructural analysis using an Olympus BX51M optical microscope revealed that lower-viscosity oil produced a more dominant martensitic phase, while higher-viscosity oils resulted in greater formation of ferrite and pearlite due to slower cooling rates. The Vickers hardness test showed the highest hardness value of 460.44 VHN for SAE 30, decreasing to 415.18 VHN for SAE 50. Electrochemical testing indicated that the corrosion current density (Icorr) and corrosion rate increased with oil viscosity, from 95.2 µA/cm² and 1.114 mmpy (SAE 30) to 129.1 µA/cm² and 1.511 mmpy (SAE 50). The results demonstrate that lower-viscosity oils enhance martensitic transformation, improve hardness, and reduce corrosion rate, highlighting viscosity control as a key factor in optimizing post-hardfacing heat treatment performance.
Effect of NaCl Concentration in Quenching Medium on Microstructure, Hardness, and Corrosion Behavior of AISI 4140 Steel Syaripuddin; Sopiyan; Rany Anggraini; Adi Tri Tyassmadi; Silalahi Jose Jan Filder; Muhammad Dhafa Irziansyah; Syamsuir; Ahmad Lubi; Muhammad Fatihuddin; Reza Febriano Armas; Ferry Budhi Susetyo
Jurnal ASIIMETRIK Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa & Inovasi Volume 8 Number 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v8i2.9970

Abstract

AISI 4140 steel is widely used in engineering and marine components due to its high strength and good hardenability. However, improving hardness through heat treatment may influence the corrosion behavior of the material in chloride containing environments. This study investigates the effect of NaCl concentration as a quenching medium on the microstructure, hardness, and corrosion behavior of AISI 4140 steel. The samples were austenitized at 1000 °C for 15 minutes and quenched in NaCl solutions with concentrations of 3.5%, 7%, and 10.5%. Microstructural observations were carried out using optical microscopy after etching with 3% Nital. Hardness testing was performed using the Vickers method with a 10 kg load, while corrosion behavior was evaluated using weight loss measurements and electrochemical tests in 3.5% NaCl solution. The results show that increasing NaCl concentration produces a finer martensitic structure and increases hardness from 673 VHN at 3.5% NaCl to 762 VHN at 10.5% NaCl. However, the corrosion rate also increases from 0.3688 mmpy to 0.3990 mmpy, indicating higher electrochemical activity at the material surface. These results demonstrate a trade-off between improved hardness and reduced corrosion resistance with increasing NaCl concentration.
Co-Authors Adi Tri Tyassmadi Ahmad Lubi Basori Basori Lukman Arhami Muhammad Dhafa Irziansyah Muhammad Fatihuddin Muhammad Yunan Hasbi Muhammad Yunan Hasbi Rany Anggraini Satrio Dwifatan Sulistio Silalahi Jose Jan Filder Sopiyan Susetyo, Ferry Budhi Syamsuir Syaripuddin Syaripuddin