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Principal Leadership and Learning Quality in Elementary Schools: A Quantitative Analysis of Multidimensional Leadership Effects in Indonesian Rural Context Yatini Yatini; Supandi Supandi; Nurkolis Nurkolis
Journal of Innovation and Research in Primary Education Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Papanda Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56916/jirpe.v5i1.2867

Abstract

Principal leadership plays a crucial role in creating conducive learning environments, yet significant variations in learning quality across elementary schools suggest inadequate understanding of leadership mechanisms in specific contexts. This quantitative study employed correlational survey design to examine principal leadership effects on learning quality in 26 public elementary schools in Tanggungharjo District, Indonesia. Data were collected from 137 teachers using validated questionnaires measuring five leadership dimensions (personality, managerial competence, academic supervision, social communication, and entrepreneurship/innovation) and learning quality indicators. Principal Component Analysis assessed dimensional structure, while Pearson correlation and simple linear regression analyzed variable relationships. Principal leadership demonstrated very strong positive correlation with learning quality (r = 0.893, p < 0.01), explaining 79.7% of learning quality variance. Dimensional analysis revealed academic supervision and entrepreneurship/innovation as strongest contributors (extraction values = 0.996), while managerial and social-communication dimensions showed relatively lower contributions. The regression equation (Y = 29.588 + 0.596X) confirmed significant positive influence (t = 22.994, p < 0.001).  Findings validate integrated transformational-instructional leadership frameworks, demonstrating that contemporary principal effectiveness requires simultaneously excelling as pedagogical supervisors and entrepreneurial innovators. Results emphasize urgent need for targeted leadership development interventions, particularly in schools where 45.99% of respondents perceived inadequate leadership quality, to strengthen academic supervision competencies and entrepreneurial mindsets for sustainable educational improvement.
Teachers’ Pedagogical Competence as a Strong Predictor of Learning Quality in Elementary Education Yatini Yatini; Supandi Supandi; Nurkolis Nurkolis
Edunesia : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Research, Training and Philanthropy Institution Natural Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51276/edu.v7i2.1714

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of teachers’ pedagogical competence on learning quality in public elementary schools in Tanggungharjo Subdistrict, Grobogan Regency. Employing a quantitative correlational design, the study involved 137 teachers selected through proportional random sampling. Data were collected using validated and reliable questionnaires measuring pedagogical competence and learning quality, and were analyzed using Pearson correlation and simple linear regression with SPSS. The findings reveal a positive and significant relationship between pedagogical competence and learning quality (r = 0.832; p < 0.001), indicating a very strong association. The coefficient of determination shows that pedagogical competence contributes 69.3% to the variance in learning quality. The regression equation (Y = 27.769 + 1.045X) suggests that improvements in pedagogical competence are directly followed by increases in learning quality. These results highlight the critical role of pedagogical competence as a key determinant of instructional effectiveness and emphasize the importance of targeted professional development programs to enhance teaching quality in elementary education.