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Beyond the Statistics: A Biographical Study of Martha Ballard and the Diary of an 18th Century Midwife Kim Minho; Nguyen Minh Tu; Shakib Ahmed
Journal of Midwifery History and Philosophy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jmhp.v1i2.3565

Abstract

Background. Historical studies of childbirth have largely relied on aggregate statistics and institutional archives, resulting in the marginalization of experiential knowledge and everyday practices of community-based midwives. Such approaches risk reducing complex care systems into depersonalized data, thereby overlooking how knowledge, authority, and maternal agency were constructed in practice. The diary of Martha Ballard offers a rare microhistorical account that captures the lived realities of maternal care in the eighteenth century. Purpose. This study aims to examine how Ballard’s diary reflects patterns of midwifery practice, forms of maternal agency, and modes of knowledge production that challenge dominant institutional and statistical narratives of pre-modern medicine. Method. This study employs a qualitative biographical research design, integrating microhistorical analysis with thematic coding of selected diary entries. Supporting historical sources are used to contextualize findings and enhance interpretive validity. Results. The findings reveal that Ballard’s midwifery practice functioned as a structured and adaptive system of care grounded in experiential knowledge, relational trust, and sustained community engagement. Evidence indicates that midwifery operated effectively despite the absence of formal institutional frameworks. Furthermore, the diary demonstrates that midwives acted not only as healthcare providers but also as producers of knowledge and holders of social authority within their communities. Conclusion. This study highlights the importance of incorporating narrative-based and experiential evidence into historical analysis. It argues that personal documents such as Ballard’s diary provide critical insights into alternative healthcare epistemologies, enabling a more comprehensive understanding of maternal care beyond institutional perspectives.
CELL MATERIAL INTERACTIONS AT THE NANO-BIO INTERFACE: IMPLICATIONS FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE Ayesha Begum; Zahidul Islam; Shakib Ahmed
Journal of Biomedical and Techno Nanomaterials Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jbtn.v3i2.3958

Abstract

Cell-material interactions at the nano-bio interface play a pivotal role in the success of regenerative medicine, as these interactions dictate cell behavior, differentiation, and tissue integration. The advent of nanotechnology has enabled the development of materials with tunable properties at the nanoscale, providing new opportunities for enhancing tissue regeneration and healing. Despite the significant progress in this field, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions remains a challenge. This study investigates the relationship between cells and nanomaterials, focusing on the impact of surface properties, topography, and chemical composition of materials on cellular behavior. The primary objective is to assess how engineered nanomaterials influence cellular responses such as adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Experimental methods, including cell culture on nanostructured substrates, surface characterization using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and gene expression analysis, were employed to evaluate these interactions. The results demonstrate that nanomaterials with specific surface characteristics significantly enhance cell adhesion and proliferation, promoting tissue growth and regeneration. In conclusion, the nano-bio interface offers promising opportunities for developing advanced biomaterials for regenerative medicine, with implications for improving the functionality and biocompatibility of tissue-engineered constructs.
THE APPLICATION OF MASHRABIYA (LATTICEWORK) PRINCIPLES IN MODERN TROPICAL ARCHITECTURE FOR ENERGY-EFFICIENT PASSIVE COOLING Hanantatur Adeswastoto; Shakib Ahmed; Aylin Erdogan
Journal of Moeslim Research Technik Vol. 2 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/technik.v2i5.2507

Abstract

The increasing reliance on energy-intensive active cooling systems in modern tropical architecture presents a significant challenge to sustainable development. Traditional, vernacular design strategies, such as the Islamic Mashrabiya (ornate latticework screens), offer time-tested principles for passive climate mitigation that are largely underexplored in contemporary building science. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of integrating Mashrabiya-inspired building facades as a passive cooling strategy to reduce solar heat gain and enhance thermal comfort in modern tropical buildings. A quantitative, simulation-based methodology was employed. Using building performance simulation software (EnergyPlus), a prototypical contemporary office building in a hot-humid tropical climate was modeled. Several facade designs incorporating different Mashrabiya patterns, porosities, and materials were simulated and compared against a conventional glazed curtain wall baseline. Key performance indicators included indoor operative temperature, solar radiation transmittance, and annual cooling energy demand. The findings demonstrate that facades with optimized Mashrabiya-inspired designs significantly improved building performance. The best-performing screen designs reduced direct solar heat gain by up to 55% and lowered the annual cooling energy consumption by over 25% compared to the baseline, while still maintaining sufficient daylight levels.  The application of Mashrabiya principles is a highly effective and viable passive design strategy for modern tropical architecture. This research confirms that reinterpreting traditional architectural elements offers a culturally resonant and sustainable pathway to creating energy-efficient and comfortable buildings.
TARGETED GENE SILENCING OF KRAS ONCOGENES IN PANCREATIC CANCER USING SIRNA-LOADED GOLD NANOPARTICLES Shakib Ahmed; Zahidul Islam; Fatimah El Balqis
Journal of Biomedical and Techno Nanomaterials Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jbtn.v2i4.2516

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer, predominantly driven by mutations in the KRAS oncogene, remains one of the most lethal malignancies due to its resistance to conventional therapies. RNA interference (RNAi) using small interfering RNA (siRNA) presents a powerful strategy to silence oncogenes, but its clinical application is liited by the poor stability and inefficient delivery of naked siRNA. This study aimed to develop and validate a targeted nanodelivery system using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to efficiently deliver KRAS-specific siRNA and induce potent gene silencing in pancreatic cancer cells. A nanoconjugate was synthesized by attaching thiol-modified siRNA targeting the G12D-mutant KRAS gene to PEGylated gold nanoparticles. The physicochemical properties of the siRNA-AuNPs were characterized. The platform’s efficacy was evaluated in vitro using the PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cell line. KRAS expression was quantified via qRT-PCR and Western blot, while cellular viability and apoptosis were assessed using MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The synthesized siRNA-AuNPs exhibited excellent stability and were efficiently internalized by the cancer cells. This targeted delivery resulted in a significant downregulation of KRAS mRNA and protein expression by over 75% (p < 0.01) compared to controls. Consequently, this oncogene silencing led to a substantial inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and a marked increase in apoptosis. Gold nanoparticles serve as a highly effective and robust vector for the targeted delivery of siRNA. This nanomedicine platform successfully silences the critical KRAS oncogene, inducing cell death in pancreatic cancer cells and representing a promising new avenue for targeted cancer therapy.
BIO-FABRICATION OF A PRE-VASCULARIZED SKIN GRAFT USING A CO-AXIAL ELECTROSPINNING TECHNIQUE AND ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS Shahinur Rahman; Shakib Ahmed; Zahidul Islam
Journal of Biomedical and Techno Nanomaterials Vol. 2 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jbtn.v2i5.2976

Abstract

Severe skin injuries caused by burns, chronic wounds, and trauma remain a major clinical challenge due to limited graft survival and delayed vascular integration following transplantation. Insufficient early vascularization frequently leads to ischemia and graft failure, restricting the effectiveness of conventional tissue-engineered skin substitutes. This study aims to develop a pre-vascularized skin graft using a co-axial electrospinning technique integrated with endothelial progenitor cells to enhance early vascular functionality and graft viability. An experimental biofabrication approach was employed, involving the fabrication of core–shell electrospun fibrous scaffolds, encapsulation of endothelial progenitor cells, and comprehensive structural and biological evaluation in vitro. Scaffold morphology, porosity, and integrity were characterized, followed by assessment of cell viability, proliferation, endothelial marker expression, and formation of vascular-like networks. The results demonstrated that co-axial electrospinning produced uniform, highly porous fibrous scaffolds capable of maintaining endothelial progenitor cell viability and supporting their angiogenic behavior. Encapsulated cells exhibited sustained proliferation and organized into capillary-like structures within the scaffold matrix, while scaffold architecture remained structurally stable. These findings indicate that the proposed biofabrication strategy enables intrinsic pre-vascularization of engineered skin grafts prior to implantation. In conclusion, co-axial electrospinning combined with endothelial progenitor cells represents a promising and scalable approach for generating pre-vascularized skin grafts, with significant potential to improve graft integration and clinical outcomes in regenerative skin therapy.