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Profit and Local Culture in Pesantren: A Transcendental Phenomenology Mohamad Anwar Thalib; Mohamad Akbar Ali; Nurjayanti Langgai
AKTIVA: Journal of Accountancy and Management Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Aktiva: Journal Of Accountancy and Management
Publisher : Faculty Of Islamic Economics and Business

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/aktiva.v4i1.5404

Abstract

Research Purpose: This study aims to explain how profit is conceptualized within the cultural and spiritual context of Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) in Gorontalo, Indonesia. Method: The study employs a transcendental phenomenology approach within the interpretive paradigm, using qualitative methods with purposive sampling of teachers at Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using noema, epoche, noesis, intentional analysis, and eidetic reduction.Research Findings: The study reveals three dimensions of profit: (1) material profit, such as salary and allowances, viewed as appreciation for teachers' dedication; (2) non-material profit reflected in students’ achievements, which generate pride, happiness, and institutional value; and (3) transcendental profit, manifested in acts of worship believed to yield eternal rewards from Allah SWT. These meanings align with the Gorontalo local philosophy Diila o’onto, bo wolu-woluwo (unseen but present), combining material, social, and spiritual aspects.Novelty: This study contributes to the development of context-based accounting by demonstrating that profit in pesantren is holistic and culturally embedded. It offers a locally grounded model of teacher welfare and enriches the discourse of spiritual and cultural accounting in Indonesia.   Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana laba dimaknai dalam konteks budaya dan spiritualitas pesantren di Gorontalo, Indonesia.Metode dan pendekatan: penelitian menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi transendental dalam paradigma interpretif, dengan metode kualitatif dan pemilihan informan guru Pesantren Hidayatullah secara purposive. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan dianalisis melalui tahapan noema, epoche, noesis, analisis intensional, dan reduksi eidetik.Temuan Penelitian: Penelitian mengungkap tiga dimensi makna laba: (1) laba material berupa gaji dan tunjangan sebagai bentuk apresiasi; (2) laba non-materi berupa prestasi siswa yang menghadirkan kebanggaan, kebahagiaan, dan nilai tambah bagi institusi; serta (3) laba transendental berupa amal ibadah yang diyakini memberi pahala abadi dari Allah SWT. Makna ini mencerminkan falsafah lokal Gorontalo Diila o’onto, bo wolu-woluwo (yang tak terlihat namun hadir), yang menyatukan dimensi material, sosial, dan spiritual.Kontribusi: Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan akuntansi berbasis konteks lokal dengan menunjukkan bahwa laba di pesantren bersifat holistik dan terikat budaya. Studi ini menawarkan model kesejahteraan guru berbasis kearifan lokal dan memperkaya wacana akuntansi budaya dan spiritual di Indonesia.
Local Wisdom in Income Accounting: The Case of Karawo Entrepreneurs Mohamad Anwar Thalib; Nurjayanti Langgai; Mohamad Akbar Ali
Media Bisnis Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): Media Bisnis
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34208/z4t6f853

Abstract

This study is motivated by the tendency to view income accounting only as technical recording, which limits its connection to local wisdom. This issue is important because, in micro-enterprises such as Karawo entrepreneurs in Gorontalo, accounting is strongly linked to cultural and spiritual values. The research questions explore how Karawo entrepreneurs practice income accounting and how local values are reflected in it. The novelty lies in formulating revenue accounting practices based on local culture through a spiritual paradigm and an Islamic ethnomethodology approach. A qualitative method was applied with five stages of analysis: charity, knowledge, faith, revealed information, and courtesy. Data were collected through observation and interviews. The findings identify four practices: recording in memory, flexible management, daily estimation, and simple paper notes. These are infused with non-material values, especially gratitude, reflected in the cultural wisdom lumadu Diila o’onto, bo wolu-woluwo (unseen but present). The study concludes that micro-accounting is not merely economic recording but an expression of cultural and spiritual values. Theoretically, it expands the concept of income accounting. Practically, it provides a foundation for developing local wisdom-based accounting models to empower MSMEs. Furthermore, this study implies that policymakers and practitioners should integrate local cultural and spiritual values into financial literacy programs and MSME development strategies. By doing so, accounting practices can become more contextual, inclusive, and acceptable to local communities. For academics, this research encourages the development of alternative accounting paradigms that are not solely based on Western rationality but also incorporate indigenous knowledge systems. These implications support the sustainability and resilience of MSMEs by aligning formal accounting practices with deeply rooted cultural values.