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All Journal Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Nekton
Fajar Maulana Akmal Firdaus
PSDKU Universitas Brawijaya Kediri
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Effectiveness of Soybean Meal as a Feed Supplement on Gonadal Maturation, Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), and Spawning Success of Female Broodstock Catfish Vika Maulidiyah; Rizky Kusma Pratiwi; Anissa Aprilia Nurkhasanah; Andi Masriah; Amalia Febryane Adhani Mazaya; Maura Yasmin Dhia; Fajar Maulana Akmal Firdaus
Nekton Vol 5 No 2 (2025): Nekton
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sambas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47767/nekton.v5i2.1066

Abstract

The increasing demand for catfish (Clarias sp.) consumption necessitates a sustainable supply of broodstock and seed for aquaculture. One of the main constraints in meeting this demand is the low gonadal maturation rate of catfish outside the natural spawning season. Reproductive hormones play a central role in regulating gonadal maturation through the action of estrogen hormones, particularly 17β-estradiol, which stimulates vitellogenesis or the synthesis of vitellogenin (egg yolk), a major component of oocytes. The increase in vitellogenesis and oocyte size is positively correlated with the level of gonadal maturity. Soybean is a natural source of phytoestrogens that function similarly to estrogen and is rich in linoleic acid, which can stimulate the production of 17β-estradiol. This study aimed to determine the effect of soybean flour supplementation in feed on the Gonadal Maturity Level (GML), spawning success, Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), and Hepatosomatic Index (HSI) of female catfish broodstock. The experimental treatments included a control group (without soybean flour), TK 5% (supplementation of 5% soybean flour per kg of feed), and TK 10% (supplementation of 10% soybean flour per kg of feed). The results showed no significant differences among treatments in terms of GML, spawning success, GSI, or HSI of female broodstock. However, a potential increase in GSI was observed with higher soybean flour supplementation, with the highest GSI value recorded at the 10% dosage level.
Liver Histological Response of Female Broodstock Catfish to Dietary Soybean Meal Supplementation VIKA MAULIDIYAH; Rizky Kusma Pratiwi; Muhamad Dwi Cahya; Zakiyyah Nur Inayah; Vina Nur Nadiro; Anissa Aprilia Nurkhasanah; Maura Yasmin Dhia; Fajar Maulana Akmal Firdaus
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v16i2.970

Abstract

Feed is one of the key factors in fish culture, including the use of plant-based ingredients such as soybean meal as an alternative protein source that may affect the physiological condition of organs, particularly the liver. This study aimed to analyse the effect of soybean meal supplementation in feed on the liver histological response of catfish (Clarias sp.). Liver histological characteristics were evaluated in three treatment groups: a control group (without soybean meal supplementation),  5% soybean meal-supplemented diet, and 10% soybean meal-supplemented diet. The results showed that the control group exhibited a relatively normal liver histological structure, characterised by an orderly arrangement of hepatocytes, centrally located nuclei, and clearly visible sinusoids. In the 5% soybean meal treatment, more pronounced histological alterations were observed, particularly cytoplasmic vacuolization of hepatocytes, indicating moderate to severe steatosis. Meanwhile, hepatocyte vacuolization was also observed in the 10% soybean meal treatment, but with a severity ranging from mild to moderate compared with the 5% treatment. These findings indicate that dietary soybean meal supplementation affects liver histology in catfish through a non-linear response pattern. The 5% dose caused greater tissue alterations than the 10% dose, which may be associated with the adaptive response of hepatocytes to feed exposure. These findings indicate that the use of soybean meal in fish feed should consider an appropriate dosage to maintain liver health.
Co-Authors Amalia Febryane Adhani Mazaya Andi Masriah Anissa Aprilia Nurkhasanah Maura Yasmin Dhia Muhamad Dwi Cahya Rizky Kusma Pratiwi Vika Maulidiyah Vina Nur Nadiro Zakiyyah Nur Inayah