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All Journal Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Salvage Akpomedaye
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Microbiological Analysis of Stored Groundnuts in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, with Emphasis on Aflatoxin-Producing Aspergillus Species Salvage Akpomedaye
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 2 No 3 (2025): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v2i3.7227

Abstract

Groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea), an important dietary protein source and economic crop in Nigeria, are highly susceptible to fungal contamination during storage, particularly by Aspergillus species that produce aflatoxins. Aflatoxin B₁, the most potent of these toxins, is a Group 1 carcinogen associated with liver cancer, immune suppression, and growth retardation. Despite the widespread consumption of groundnuts in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, limited data exist on microbial and aflatoxigenic contamination in the local supply chain. This study assessed the microbiological quality of stored groundnuts with emphasis on aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus species across three major markets—Swali, Opolo, and Tombia. Thirty samples (10 per market) were analyzed using serial dilution, culturing on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Aspergillus flavus and parasiticus agar (AFPA), and microscopic identification with lactophenol cotton blue staining. Aflatoxin production was screened qualitatively using the Ammonia Vapor Test, and moisture content was determined by the oven-dry method. Results showed that 80% of samples were contaminated with Aspergillus spp., predominantly A. flavus (50%) and A. parasiticus (23.3%). Aflatoxin detection was 60% overall, highest in Tombia (70%), followed by Swali (60%) and Opolo (50%). Tombia samples also recorded the highest mean moisture content (11.1%), exceeding the safe threshold (<8%) for fungal inhibition. Additional fungi, including Penicillium, Fusarium, and Rhizopus spp., were also isolated, indicating poor storage hygiene. These findings underscore a serious food safety concern in Yenagoa, where high aflatoxigenic fungal prevalence, driven by elevated moisture and inadequate storage, poses significant health risks. The study recommends routine surveillance, vendor education, and affordable moisture-proof storage interventions to reduce aflatoxin exposure and protect public health in Bayelsa and similar tropical contexts.
Prevalence of Group B Streptococcus among Individuals in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, South South, Nigeria Edafe Ejiro Patrick; Imarenezor Edobor Peter Kenneth; Anyiam Vivian Ifeoma; Salvage Akpomedaye
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.4036

Abstract

Streptococcus agalactiae also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a Gram-positive bacterium that primarily colonizes the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of humans. While it is a commensal organism in many healthy individuals, GBS can become pathogenic, causing a variety of infections. This study investigated the prevalence of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization among adults in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, to assess the distribution of GBS across various age groups and between sexes. A total of 185 individuals were included in the study which comprises of both male and female across different age groups (16–35 years). The specimens were cultured on Todd-Hewitt broth and Columbia Blood Agar. Morphological and biochemical tests, including Gram staining, CAMP test, and Hippurate Hydrolysis test, were performed to confirm the presence of GBS.Morphological analysis revealed small to medium-sized, grayish-white, beta-hemolytic colonies with characteristic cocci in pairs or chains, confirming Streptococcus agalactiae. The overall prevalence of GBS colonization was found to be 5.95%, with 5.17% in males and 6.30% in females. The highest prevalence was observed in the age group 31–35 years among females (16.00%) and in the 26–30 age group among males (9.09%). This study result provides essential baseline data on GBS prevalence among individuals in Yenagoa, highlighting the need for continued surveillance and targeted interventions in this area to reduce the risk of GBS transmission.
Co-Authors Anyiam Vivian Ifeoma Edafe Ejiro Patrick Imarenezor Edobor Peter Kenneth