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All Journal Kurios Manna Rafflesia
Ayub Pangga Lewu
Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Galilea Indonesia
Religion Arts Humanities Education Social Sciences Other

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MEREDUKSI AJARAN SESAT DALAM KOMUNITAS KRISTEN DI ERA DIGITAL: TELAAH TEOLOGIS PERAN GEMBALA SEBAGAI PENJAGA IMAN JEMAAT Ayub Pangga Lewu
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i1.621

Abstract

Heretical teachings pose a serious and growing threat to contemporary Christian communities, particularly in the digital age, which allows for their massive and unrestricted spread across digital platforms. The presence of these deviant teachings not only undermines sound doctrine but also damages the spirituality of congregations that lack a solid foundation of faith. In many churches, this phenomenon is exacerbated by weak theological resilience and a lack of spiritual oversight from church leaders. The phenomenon of pastors focusing more on managing ministry than maintaining doctrine worsens the situation. This study aims to theologically examine the role of pastors as guardians of the faith and spirituality of the congregation in facing heretical teachings. The research method used is descriptive qualitative through a literature review of biblical sources, pastoral theology, and academic literature. The findings of this study conclude that the presence of heretical teachings within Christian communities necessitates an understanding of their characteristics and their impact on the spirituality of the congregation. Therefore, pastors have a theological responsibility from a biblical perspective. Thus, pastoral strategies are needed to reduce heretical teachings: education, training, and church discipline. This is a formulation of pastoral leadership theology in the context of the crisis of truth and contemporary heretical teachings. Therefore, the church needs to equip pastors theologically and pastorally to maintain the integrity of the faith of the congregation.
Daniel in digital Babylon: A spirituality of resistance and the identity integrity of God’s people in the ecosystem of surveillance capitalism through theological reading of Daniel 1 and 6 Ayub Pangga Lewu; Jonsa Manullang
KURIOS Vol. 12 No. 2: August 2026
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Pelita Bangsa, Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30995/kur.v12i2.1205

Abstract

Church communities today inhabit a digital ecosystem governed by surveillance capitalism, in which human attention is harvested and identity is algorithmically formed; a condition this article names “digital Babylon.” This study constructs a spirituality of resistance and a theology of identity integrity for God’s people in that ecosystem through a theological reading of Daniel 1 and 6. Employing qualitative library research that integrates narrative exegesis with constructive theology, the article reads Daniel’s refusal of the royal diet and his disciplined practice of prayer before an open window as paradigms of boundary-keeping and counter-formation at the heart of empire. The findings propose a model of “Babylonian literacy without Babylonian identity”: God’s people may master the language, knowledge, and platforms of the digital empire while sustaining nonnegotiable disciplines of identity rooted in worship. The article contributes an Old Testament foundation for digital ecclesiology and offers churches, especially in Indonesia, a doctrinally grounded framework for resilient discipleship within, rather than withdrawal from, digital culture.      
Co-Authors Jonsa Manullang