Shafira Meidyana
Department Of Public Health And Preventive Medicine, Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

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Improvement of the Knowledge and Attitudes of Health Cadres in Eliminating Stigma and Discrimination Regarding HIV and or Tuberculosis Linda Dewanti; Heny Arwati; Shafira Meidyana; Raudia Faridah Humaidy; Soraya Isfandiary Iskandar; Adikara Pagan Pratama; Rabhindra Javier Hariri Darussalam; Ayu Nazilla Fatimahtuz Zahra
Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Journal Community Medicine and Public Health Research
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jcmphr.v7i1.80096

Abstract

HIV and or TB-related stigma frequently discourages people from seeking healthcare, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and poor health outcomes. The aim of this study is to analyze cadres' knowledge and attitudes regarding diseases to eliminate stigma in their community. Thirty health cadres in a primary healthcare setting in Surabaya were recruited as participants after getting informed consent. Participants were trained in the transmission, prevention, and treatment of diseases, followed by a role-play and a Focus Group Discussion. Pre- and post-tests were conducted to assess cadres' knowledge and attitudes. After the intervention, understanding of HIV and TB among cadres increased significantly (p < 0.001), from pre-test scores of 82.7 ± 17.9 (HIV) and 81.1 ± 6.6 (TB) to 95.7 ± 4.9 (post-HIV test) and 89.3 ± 10.5 (post-TB test). After interventions, cadres understand that HIV transmission can occur from mother to fetus, during childbirth, and through breast milk; and that HIV is not transmitted through air, water, eating utensils, toilet seats, sweat, tears, shaking hands, and hugging. They also understand that most TB patients are no longer contagious after 2 months of treatment and can be cured after 6 months. In the focus group discussion, cadres shared about cases of stigma and discrimination that they had encountered. Finally, together with primary healthcare, they plan to disseminate these results within their community through various activities (sub-district, district, and school) to stop stigma and discrimination.
Deteksi Dini Faktor Risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular pada Lansia: Analisis Data SKILAS Kabupaten Gresik 2025 Lilik Djuari; Raudia Faridah Humaidy; Shafira Meidyana; Nurul Yulianti; Anik Luthfiyah
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 21, No 2 (2026): Vol 21 No. 2 Tahun 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26714/jkmi.21.2.2026.7-11

Abstract

Background: The increasing proportion of the elderly population in Indonesia has led to a growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. The Elderly Health Screening Program (Skrining Kesehatan Lansia or SKILAS) is implemented in all community health centers (public primary care service) in Indonesia to enable early detection of NCD risk factors and facilitate timely interventions. Objective: This quantitative descriptive study used a cross-sectional design with secondary data from the 2025 SKILAS program obtained from the Gresik District Health Office. Variables analyzed included demographic characteristics (age, sex), blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, uric acid, body mass index (BMI), and activities of daily living (ADL) assessment. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequency and percentage distributions. Methods: This quantitative descriptive study used a cross-sectional design with secondary data from the 2025 SKILAS program obtained from the Gresik District Health Office. Variables analyzed included demographic characteristics (age, sex), blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, uric acid, body mass index (BMI), and activities of daily living (ADL) assessment. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequency and percentage distributions. Results: Among elderly participants screened at 35 community health centers in Gresik, most were aged 60-69 years and predominantly female. The proportion of elderly with blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg was approximately 40–50%, total cholesterol >200 mg/dL around 30%, and random blood glucose ≥200 mg/dL about 10–15%. Most participants were overweight, and approximately 20% showed a decline in daily activity performance. Conclusion: The screening results indicate a high prevalence of NCD risk factors among the elderly in Gresik District. Strengthening promotive and preventive efforts through nutrition education, increased physical activity, and consistent medical follow-up at community health centers is essential to reduce the risk of chronic complications. Suggestion: Comprehensive non-communicable disease prevention should be implemented through health education, adequate risk-factor management, and continuous clinical monitoring.