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All Journal Journal of Applied Science and Advanced Engineering
Adesta, Erry Y. T.
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Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Mechanical Engineering Physics

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Experimental Development of a PIC-Based Intelligent Energy Management Controller for Voltage Regulation and Load Prioritization in Standalone Photovoltaic Home Systems Muhida, Rifki; Legowo, Ari; Riza, Muhammad; Adesta, Erry Y. T.; Muhida, Riza
Journal of Applied Science and Advanced Engineering Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): JASAE: September 2026
Publisher : Master Program in Mechanical Engineering, Gunadarma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59097/jasae.v4i2.88

Abstract

This paper presents the experimental development and evaluation of a PIC16F877A-based intelligent controller for voltage regulation and load prioritization in standalone photovoltaic (PV) home energy systems. The proposed system integrates a photovoltaic panel, battery storage, inverter, and embedded controller into a unified platform for efficient energy management. The controller continuously monitors battery voltage using an analog-to-digital converter and implements a threshold-based control strategy to disconnect non-critical loads when the voltage drops below 11.7 V. Experimental results show that the PV system maintains stable voltage characteristics within approximately ±3%, while the output current varies significantly with solar irradiance, exhibiting fluctuations of more than 60% under varying environmental conditions. The proposed controller effectively regulates system operation by dynamically managing load distribution, thereby preventing deep battery discharge and improving overall system reliability. In addition, the integration of auxiliary subsystems, such as automatic lighting and motion detection, enhances energy efficiency by reducing unnecessary power consumption. The findings demonstrate that the proposed low-cost PIC-based controller provides a practical and effective solution for intelligent energy management in standalone PV systems, particularly in off-grid residential applications.
An Experiential Learning Framework for Mobile Robot Control Education Using PID-Based Path Tracking Muhida, Rifki; Muhida, Riza; Adesta, Erry Y. T.; Riza, Muhammad; Legowo, Ari
Journal of Applied Science and Advanced Engineering Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): JASAE: March 2026
Publisher : Master Program in Mechanical Engineering, Gunadarma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59097/jasae.v4i1.89

Abstract

Mobile robot path tracking is a fundamental problem in control systems and robotics and has been widely utilized as a platform for integrating multidisciplinary concepts in mechatronics education. This study proposes an experiential learning framework for mobile robot control using a PID-based path tracking approach. The framework integrates theoretical control principles with hands-on implementation through the development of a differential-drive mobile robot equipped with reflective sensor arrays and a microcontroller-based control unit. The PID controller is applied to regulate robot motion based on real-time feedback, and its parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd) are tuned experimentally using a structured trial-and-error procedure. Experimental results indicate that the PID controller improves tracking stability and reduces oscillatory behavior compared to proportional-only control. The optimal parameter configuration (Kp=0.8, Kd=0.32, Ki=0.2) achieves stable tracking performance across different trajectory conditions, including curved paths. From an educational perspective, the proposed framework supports experiential and project-based learning by enabling systematic analysis of control system behavior through iterative experimentation. This work provides a practical and scalable approach for integrating control theory and robotic implementation in mechatronics education.
Co-Authors Ari Legowo Muhammad Riza Muhida, Rifki Riza Muhida