The role of selenium on autophagy

Febriana Kurniasari (Graduate Programme of Antiaging and Aesthetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia)
Hanna Goenawan (Division of Physiology, Departement of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, Indonesia)
Astrid Feinisa Khairani (A)Graduate Programme of Antiaging and Aesthetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia , B)Division of Biological Activity, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, Indonesia)
Sunarjati Sudigdo Adi (Division of Cell Biology Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia)
Ronny Lesmana (A)Graduate Programme of Antiaging and Aesthetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia , B)Division of Physiology, Departement of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, Indonesia)
Setiawan (Division of Physiology, Departement of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, Indonesia)

JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
JKKI, Vol 13, No 3, (2022)

Selenium (Se) deficiency is associated with certain abnormalities, such as Keshan disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), viral infections, infertility, immune system abnormalities, metabolic diseases, neurological disorders, and growth retardation. Its antioxidant properties are integrated into various selenoenzymes, mainly glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (Trx). These selenoenzymes act as a protective mechanism to prevent oxidative stress-induced cellular injury, regulate DNA transcription, and cell proliferation. Decreased levels of antioxidants induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation resulting in loss of mitochondrial structure and function. The antioxidant properties of selenium could depress ROS and modulates autophagy by interfering initiation of autophagy and phagophore formation. Inhibition at the initiation stage not only involves mTOR and AMPK, an autophagy-related regulators, but also autophagy markers, including Beclin 1, Atg5, LC3, and p62; thus, phagophore and autophagosome are not formed. This review will discuss the role of selenium in modulating autophagy in various organs.