Comparative Adsorption Performance of Carbon-containing Hydroxyapatite Derived Tenggiri (Scomberomorini) and Belida (Chitala) Fish Bone for Methylene Blue

Sri Lestari (Department of Chemical Education, Universitas Mulawarman, Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, 75119, East Kalimantan)
Mukhamad Nurhadi (Department of Chemical Education, Universitas Mulawarman, Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, 75119, East Kalimantan)
Ratna Kusuma Wardani (Department of Chemical Education, Universitas Mulawarman, Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, 75119, East Kalimantan)
Eko Saputro (Department of Chemical Education, Universitas Mulawarman, Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, 75119, East Kalimantan)
Retno Pujisupiati (Department of Chemical Education, Universitas Mulawarman, Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, 75119, East Kalimantan)
Nova Sukmawati Muskita (Department of Chemical Education, Universitas Mulawarman, Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, 75119, East Kalimantan)
Nezalsa Fortuna (Department of Chemical Education, Universitas Mulawarman, Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, 75119, East Kalimantan)
A’an Suri Purwandari (Department of Chemical Education, Universitas Mulawarman, Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, 75119, East Kalimantan)
Fahria Aryani (Department of Chemical Education, Universitas Mulawarman, Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, 75119, East Kalimantan)
Sin Yuan Lai (School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900 || Malaysia College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 || China Kelip-kelip! Center of Excellence for Light Enablin)
Hadi Nur (Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang 65145||Indonesia Center of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy (CAMRY), Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Malang 65145)

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
2022: BCREC Volume 17 Issue 3 Year 2022 (September 2022)

The utilization of fishbone as the carbon source for methylene blue adsorption has been successfully studied. Fishbone was prepared from two kinds of fish such as marine fisheries (ex. Tenggiri) and freshwater fisheries (ex. Belida). The carbons were prepared by carbonation of fishbone powder at  500 °C for 2 h. Physical properties of carbons were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and hydrophobicity. The carbons were utilized as the adsorbent for removing methylene blue by varying the contact time, initial dye concentration, and temperature. It is concluded that both carbons can very good adsorb the methylene blue. The adsorption performance of carbon (TFC) from Tenggiri fish is better than carbon (BFC) from Belida fish. The adsorption was well fitted with the Langmuir adsorption model (R2 ~ 0.998) and the pseudo-second-order model. This indicated that the dye molecules were adsorbed on the surface-active site of carbon via chemical binding, forming an adsorbate monolayer. Thermodynamic parameters, including the Gibbs free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH), and entropy (ΔS), indicated that the adsorption of methylene blue onto the carbon from fishbone was spontaneous. Thus, carbon from fishbone can be applied as a low-cost adsorbent to treat industrial effluents contaminated with methylene blue. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).