<![CDATA[The transition towards new and renewable energy in an effort to address environmental issues and limitations of conventional energy reserves remains a global priority to this day. Solar energy, with photovoltaic technology, is one of the promising options in reducing the impact of conventional energy on the environment. This is supported by the fact that solar energy is a sustainable energy source and one way to reduce dependence on fossil energy. Solar cells or photovoltaic cells are devices made of semiconductor materials that can convert solar energy into electrical energy. In the first generation, solar cells were divided into monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and III-V single junction based on GaAs. This article examines the characteristics of first-generation silicon-based solar panels, including efficiency, absorption, and light transmission, which dominate the global market. This review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the factors that affect the performance of silicon-based solar cells, for the development and application of solar cell technology in the future.]]>
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