This research analyzes the factors that cause students' difficulties in understanding Nahwu and Sharaf and explores effective learning strategies to improve their understanding. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design to analyze the difficulties of twelfth grade students in understanding nahwu and sharaf at Madrasah Aliyah Miftahul Ulum Al-Azizah. This research shows that the difficulties of class The dominance of the memorization method without contextual application causes students' low understanding of the structure of the Arabic language.
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