<![CDATA[AbstractA common side effect of radiotherapy used in the treatment of head and neck cancers is the occurrence of structural and physiological alteration of the salivary gland due to exposure to ionizing irradiation, as demonstrated by conditions such as decreased salivary flow. Ionizing irradiation cause burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, hydroxil and hidrogen peroxide which induce activation of self-defense system such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. If this defense system could not diminish the excessive amount of ROS it would lead to oxidative stress which can be determined by rise of malondialdehide (MDA) levels. The aim of this research is to find out the influence of single and fractionated dose of gamma ray irradiation on superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and malondialdehide levels in rat submandibular glands at 24 hours, 3 weeks and 6 weeks after exposure of gamma ray irradiation. For this research, experimental laboratory was done. Sixty male Wistar rats aged 3-4 months (250-300 g) grouped into three. Group A (20 rats) as control group were not irradiated. Group B (20 rats) were irradiated with single dose (10 Gy) and group C were irradiated with fractionated dose (10 Gy in 5 fraction of 2 Gy/day) of Co60 Gamma ray, with their neck ventral surface exposed to the source. The rat submandibular glands were extirpated at 24 hours, 3 weeks and 6 weeks after irradiation and then analysed for superoxide dismutase and catalase activities using microreader and malondialdehide levels using spectrophotometer. There were significant differences (p:0,000) of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and malondialdehide levels after gamma ray irradiation at evaluation time 24 hours, 3 weeks and 6 weeks. Superoxide dismutase activity in group B (10 Gy single dose irradiation) and group C (10 Gy fractionated dose irradiation) decreased in compare to group A (control). Catalase activity in group B decreased in compare to group A at 24 hours, in group C catalase activity increased in compare to group A. Malondialdehide levels increased in group B and C compare to group A at 24 hours, 3 weeks and 6 weeks after irradiation.]]>
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