INTRA-SPESIFIC DIVERSITY OF BUTTERFLY PEA (Clitoria ternatea L.) REVEALED BY ISSR WITH INVARIABLE ITS RECORDS

Adib Fakhruddin Yusuf (Laboratory of Genetic and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Vida Rahma Latifah (Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Vivi Indah Nurcahyati (Tropical Biology Department, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Anggun Diyan Nurhasanah (Tropical Biology Department, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Adristi Shafa Widyasari (Tropical Biology Department, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Ananto Puradi Nainggolan (Tropical Biology Department, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Aldy Riau Wansyah Hasibuan (Tropical Biology Department, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Madyan Akmal Hidayat (Tropical Biology Department, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Karmilah Karmilah (Tropical Biology Department, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Arini Dian Pratiwi (Tropical Biology Department, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Rindu Aurantika (Tropical Biology Department, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Muslifah Hasanah (Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Ganies Riza Aristya (Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Niken Satuti Nur Handayani (Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Tuty Arisuryanti (Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Indra Lesmana (Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Budi Setiadi Daryono (Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada)

BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Vol. 32 No. 1 (2025): BIOTROPIA Vol. 32 No. 1 April 2025

Article Highlights:- The ITS region exhibits no genetic variation among butterfly pea genotypes.- ISSR reveals high polymorphism, proving effective for genetic diversity analysis.- White single and purple single genotypes show the greatest genetic distance.- ISSR-6 ((CT)₈TG) demonstrates the highest polymorphism and reliability for assessment.- The ITS sequences have been deposited in GenBank under the accession IDs PQ198055–PQ198061. ABSTRACTClitoria ternatea L., a perennial plant in the Fabaceae, is recognized for its resilience in tropical climates and its diverse applications in both culinary and medicinal fields. However, the limited exploration of its genetic diversity constrains breeding efforts aimed at improving desirable traits. This limitation highlights the need to optimize selection strategies, identify superior genotypes, and preserve valuable genetic resources for long-term conservation and crop enhancement. This study aimed to explore genetic variation using molecular markers to analyze C. ternatea genotypes based on petal architecture and color differences. To assess the genetic diversity of C. ternatea, Sanger sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers were applied to seven wild populations from Sleman, Yogyakarta. The ITS region exhibited no genetic variation, indicating its conserved nature and limited ability to differentiate genotypes. In contrast, ISSR markers effectively detected genetic variation, identifying 62 polymorphic fragments out of 162 total bands. The highest genetic distance (0.297) was observed between the WS and PS genotypes, whereas the double-petal genotypes (WD and PD) displayed the closest phenetic relationship. Among the ISSR primers, UBC-808, UBC-812, and ISSR-6 exhibited high PIC and RP values, confirming their reliability in genetic diversity analysis. These results underscore the utility of ISSR markers as a robust tool for genetic diversity assessment, offering valuable insights for breeding programs and germplasm conservation in C. ternatea.