International Journal of Civil Engineering and Infrastructure (IJCEI)
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): IJCEI Volume 5 No. 1

THRESHOLD-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION IN DRY BULK CARGO VOLUME USING SIMULATED LSTM AUTOENCODER RECONSTRUCTION ERROR

Soerjatmodjo, Irnanda Satya (Unknown)
Supriyatno, Dadang (Unknown)
Abdat, Zidan Fadzil (Unknown)
Trijeti (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
14 Sep 2025

Abstract

This study addresses the challenge of detecting anomalies in annual dry bulk cargo volumes at a major Indonesian port by simulating the reconstruction error typically produced by an LSTM Autoencoder model. Instead of applying deep learning directly, the research utilizes a statistical approximation involving a three-year centered moving average to emulate the expected cargo pattern. The absolute deviation between actual and smoothed values is treated as simulated reconstruction error. A statistical threshold is then calculated based on the mean and standard deviation of these errors to distinguish normal years from anomalous ones. Results indicate that only the year 2023 exceeded the anomaly threshold, suggesting significant irregularity in cargo flow during that period. The proposed method offers a practical and interpretable framework for anomaly detection, particularly in data environments lacking access to machine learning infrastructure. This approach enables port operators and planners to monitor unusual volume fluctuations efficiently and provides a foundation for further integration of data-driven risk management systems. Keywords: Dry Bulk Cargo, Anomaly Detection, Reconstruction Error, LSTM Autoencoder, Moving Average, Threshold Classification, Port Operations.

Copyrights © 2025






Journal Info

Abbrev

ijcei

Publisher

Subject

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Engineering Environmental Science Transportation

Description

The objective of the IJCEI is to fully document advances in International research in the fields of construction and infrastructure. IJCEI welcomes submissions in the following areas: structural engineering, geotechnical engineering, transportation engineering, hydraulic engineering, management ...