<![CDATA[The use of face images has been widely established in various fields, including security, finance, education, social security, and others. Meanwhile, modern scientific and technological advances make it easier for individuals to manipulate images, including those of faces. In one of these advancements, the Generative Adversarial Network method creates a fake image similar to the real one. An error-level analysis algorithm and a convolutional neural network are proposed to detect manipulated images generated by generative adversarial networks. There are two scenarios: a stand-alone convolutional neural network and a combination of error-level analysis and a convolutional neural network. Furthermore, the combined scenario has three sub-scenarios regarding the compression levels of the error-level analysis algorithm: 10%, 50%, and 90%. After training the data obtained from a public source, it becomes evident that using a convolutional neural network combined with compression of error level analysis can improve the model’s overall performance: accuracy, precision, recall, and other parameters. Based on the evaluation results, it was found that the highest quality convolutional neural network training was obtained when using 50% error level analysis compression because it could achieve 94% accuracy, 93.3% precision, 94.9% recall, 94.1% F1 Score, 98.7% ROC-AUC Score, and 98.8% AP Score. This research is expected to be a reference for implementing image detection processes between real and fake images from generative adversarial networks.]]>
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