Konsep Nafkah Dalam Islam: Kajian Literatur Terhadap Pemahaman Klasik Dan Pendekatan Ekonomi Syariah Modern

Hayati, Fauziah

Indonesian Journal of Islamic Jurisprudence, Economic and Legal Theory
Vol. 2 No. 4 (2024): This volume covers topics such as women's rights, inheritance law, crime preven

Abstract Nafkah is one of the important elements in building a harmonious and prosperous family according to Islamic teachings. The concept of maintenance has been discussed in depth in classical fiqh literature, which emphasizes the husband's obligation as the main provider for his wife and family. However, the development of modern social and economic dynamics, such as women's dual roles and changes in family economic patterns, demands a more relevant understanding of this concept. This study aims to analyze the concept of nafkah in classical fiqh literature and examine its relevance through a modern sharia economic approach. The method used is a literature review by analyzing fiqh books, Qur'anic commentaries, and contemporary literature in Islamic economics. The results show that the classical principles of nafaqh, such as justice and balance, remain relevant but require adjustment to fit the current socio-economic context. The modern Islamic economic approach offers a more flexible and comprehensive framework in managing the obligation of maintenance, so as to improve the quality of Muslim family life in the modern era. Keywords: Nafkah, Classical Fiqh, Sharia Economics, Muslim Family, Maqasid Sharia Abstrak Nafkah merupakan salah satu elemen penting dalam membangun keluarga yang harmonis dan sejahtera menurut ajaran Islam. Konsep nafkah telah dibahas secara mendalam dalam literatur fiqh klasik yang menekankan kewajiban suami sebagai pemberi nafkah utama bagi istri dan keluarganya. Namun, perkembangan dinamika sosial dan ekonomi modern, seperti peran ganda perempuan dan perubahan pola ekonomi keluarga, menuntut adanya pemahaman yang lebih relevan terhadap konsep ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep nafkah dalam literatur fiqh klasik dan mengkaji relevansinya melalui pendekatan ekonomi syariah modern. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian pustaka dengan menganalisis kitab fiqh, tafsir Al-Qur'an, dan literatur kontemporer dalam ekonomi syariah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa prinsip-prinsip klasik nafkah, seperti keadilan dan keseimbangan, tetap relevan tetapi memerlukan penyesuaian agar sesuai dengan konteks sosial-ekonomi saat ini. Pendekatan ekonomi syariah modern menawarkan kerangka yang lebih fleksibel dan komprehensif dalam mengelola kewajiban nafkah, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas kehidupan keluarga Muslim di era modern. Kata Kunci: Nafkah, Fiqh Klasik, Ekonomi Syariah, Keluarga Muslim, Maqasid Syariah