<![CDATA[Special education in Indonesia is implemented through two main models: Special Schools (SLB) as exclusive education and inclusive schools as integrative education. This study uses the CIPPO (Context, Input, Process, Product, Outcome) approach to analyze special education policies in Indonesia and compare the effectiveness of the two models. The study results indicate that special education policies in Indonesia still have several weaknesses in terms of regulatory context, human resource input, implementation processes, curriculum products, and educational outcomes. Special Needs Schools offer a specific and intensive approach for children with special needs, while inclusive schools provide opportunities for broader social integration. Both models have their own strengths and challenges, requiring comprehensive policy strengthening, teacher capacity building, adequate infrastructure, and collaboration between the government, schools, and communities to ensure educational equality for all children with special needs.]]>
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