<![CDATA[The purpose of this study was to optimize the formulation of a natural liptint using red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) and waru leaves (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) extracts with the addition of ZnO to enhance sun protection. The optimization process was conducted using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) involving three independent variables: extract ratio (1:2, 1:3, 1:4), homogenization speed (5.000, 10.000, 12.000 rpm), and homogenization time (4, 8, 10 minutes), generating 16 different formulations. Phytochemical characteristics such as betacyanin, anthocyanin, and SPF, as well as stability parameters including pH, viscosity, and density, were evaluated. The best formulation containing ZnO (F6) exhibited 0.0129% betacyanin, 0.0590% anthocyanin, and an SPF value of 18.1, while the best formulation without ZnO (F15) showed 0.0140% betacyanin, 0.0428% anthocyanin, and an SPF value of 12.7. The optimization value of this study estimates the production of liptint with ZnO (0.0104% betacyanin, 0.0593% anthocyanin, SPF 13.89) and without ZnO (0.0109% betacyanin, 0.0434% anthocyanin, SPF 11.05).]]>
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