<![CDATA[The high risk of maritime accidents in congested waters such as the Malacca Strait requires an affordable safety system specifically for small fishing vessels. This research proposes and evaluates a mobile-based early warning framework that integrates shore-based AIS data with fishermen’s smartphone GPS. The system was tested under 3 operational scenarios using 4G cellular networks over a coastal area of Bengkalis, involving 60 collision simulation events and 180 API requests. Performance evaluation shows an average system latency of 2.3 seconds with a maximum latency of 4.8 seconds. The early warning mechanism successfully detected dangerous proximity (≤50 meters) with an accuracy of 93.3% and an error rate of 6.7%. Position logging via JSON POST achieved a success rate of 96.1% during continuous operation for 2 hours. Although this study demonstrates improved situational awareness and reliable last-known position recording, the system currently uses distance-based detection and does not yet implement CPA/TCPA prediction, which remains future work. The framework contributes as a low-cost monitoring and early warning solution with potential support for SAR operations through reliable historical position data.]]>
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