<![CDATA[This study examines how 2025 educational technology trends are transforming Islamic Religious Education (IRE) student learning and how the SAMR and TPACK frameworks guide that integration. A convergent-parallel mixed-methods design was used in Indonesian IRE institutions: surveys of students and educators quantified perceived impacts and levels of integration, while interviews and focus group discussions explored experiences and challenges; quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive/inferential statistics and qualitative data with thematic analysis. Results indicate strong perceived benefits of AI-driven personalization, VR/AR, and gamification for engagement and accessibility, with hybrid models supporting flexibility. However, classroom practice is concentrated at lower SAMR levels (Substitution, Augmentation), with limited movement to Modification/Redefinition. Educators report high content and pedagogical knowledge, moderate technological knowledge, and the lowest confidence in integrated TPACK; barriers include workload, training gaps, infrastructure, and preserving Islamic ethical values. We conclude that IRE can leverage emerging technologies to enrich learning, but true transformation requires targeted, context-specific TPACK professional development, curriculum redesign toward higher-order SAMR tasks, robust ethical/digital-literacy safeguards, and equitable infrastructure investment]]>
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