Environmentalism beyond Borders: The MT Arman 114 Oil Spill and the Politics of Marine Protection in Indonesia

Alsha Nuraini (International Relations Study Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta)
Aulya Ananda (International Relations Study Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta)
Ruben Binsar William Manurung (International Relations Study Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta)

Jurnal Riksa Cendikia Nusantara
Vol. 1 No. 4 (2025): Riksa Cendikia Nusantara-Desember 2025

The oil spill caused by the MT Arman 114 ship in the North Natuna Sea is a clear example of how marine pollution is a transboundary issue with fatal consequences for the environment, economy, and society. This article analyzes the case from an environmentalism perspective in international relations. Indonesia's blue economy development, which is part of its strategic roadmap, presents a paradox in its implementation, which has yet to clarify the legal status of marine governance. The environmental damage that has occurred in Natuna has had a direct impact on the economy of the local community, most of whom are fishermen. Law enforcement by international regimes such as UNCLOS and MARPOL is also still hampered by loopholes in the flag of convenience. Therefore, there must be long-term environmental restoration based on blue justice, economic compensation, and maritime governance reform